母さん|かあさんkaasan[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. nounmother
   君きみをみていると母かあさんを思い出おもいだす。↗

   You remind me of my mother.
2. nounwifeused when speaking to or about one's own wife

• Synonymお母さんおかあさんNeutralThe standard way to address your mother, with warmth and respect; 「母さん」 drops the 「お」 and is more casual, used mostly by adult men or within the family.
• SynonymおふくろCasualA colloquial, affectionate way for adult men to refer to or address their own mother, especially when speaking about her to others.
• Synonym母親ははおやNeutralNames the role of mother and is used in objective description, not as a form of address; the counterpart of 「父親」.
• SynonymママCasualA loanword for mom, used mostly by small children though some adults say it too; also means a bar proprietress.
• Synonymお母様おかあさまFormalAn honorific for one's mother, also used when addressing someone else's mother; more polite and formal than 「お母さん」.
• SynonymおっかさんCasualAn old Edo commoner's way of saying mom; it has an old-fashioned, rustic flavor and is rarely heard today.
• Synonym母ちゃんかあちゃんCasualAn affectionate, everyday name for mom, common among children and in ordinary households; a husband may also call his wife this.
• Synonym母上ははうえWrittenAn elegant, old-fashioned honorific seen in period dramas and letters; rarely heard in modern conversation and more solemn than 「お母様」.
• Synonym母君ははぎみWrittenAn archaic honorific for one's mother, used mostly to refer to another person's mother.
• SynonymははごWrittenAn honorific for someone else's mother; archaic and almost never used today.
• SynonymマザーNeutralA loanword that also means a Mother Superior or a motherboard; rarely used by itself to address one's mother.
• Synonym母様かあさまFormalA respectful way to address one's mother with an upper-class, old-fashioned flavor; less common than 「お母様」.
• Synonym御母様おたあさまFormalAnother spelling of item 3 「お母様」, written 「御母様」; much more formal and polite than 「母さん」.
• SynonymマミーCasualA loanword for mommy with a Western, childish flavor; rarely used in daily life.
• Synonym御母みおもWrittenAn honorific for a mother or wet nurse; archaic and no longer used.
• RelatedおかあCasualAnother spelling of item 2 「お袋」, written 「お母」 and read おふくろ; a colloquial way for adult men to refer to their mother.
• Related女親おんなおやNeutralA descriptive term for a female parent, contrasting with 「男親」 and stressing the gender distinction.
• Antonym父さんとうさんNeutralThe antonym: dad, formed the same way by dropping 「お」 from 「お父さん」; the counterpart of 「母さん」.

「母さん」 is a casual form of 「お母さん」 used within the family. Be polite with 「お母様」; when mentioning your own mother to outsiders, say 「母」 or the colloquial 「お袋」; for objective description use 「母親」. Of the rest, 「母ちゃん」 is a homely everyday alternative, 「ママ」 is mostly small children's word, and 「母上」「母君」「母御」 are old-fashioned or rare today.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 子供こどもなどが親したしみを込こめて自分じぶんの母親ははおやを呼よぶ語ご。「おかあさん」よりもくだけた表現ひょうげん。