灯す・点す|ともすtomosu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
とぼすtobosu
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Which spelling to use
灯す灯す(ともす) is the most common form, written with kanji and kana, and is the form beginners should normally choose.
点す点す(ともす) is a rarely used kanji-and-kana form; learners will seldom need to use it in their own writing.
Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto light (a candle, lamp, etc.); to turn on (a light)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 灯す(ともす) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 灯します(ともします) |
| Negative (nai) | 灯さない(ともさない) |
| polite (masen) | 灯しません(ともしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 灯さず・灯さぬ(ともさず・ともさぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 灯した(ともした) |
| polite (mashita) | 灯しました(ともしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 灯さなかった(ともさなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 灯しませんでした(ともしませんでした) |
| Te form | 灯して(ともして) |
| Potential | 灯せる(ともせる) |
| Passive | 灯される(ともされる) |
| Causative | 灯させる(ともさせる) |
| Causative passive | 灯させられる(ともさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 灯せば(ともせば) |
| tara | 灯したら(ともしたら) |
| Volitional | 灯そう(ともそう) |
| polite (mashou) | 灯しましょう(ともしましょう) |
| Imperative | 灯せ(ともせ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
火が灯る
火を灯す
灯る presents the lighting as something that happens to the flame (the flame comes alight), while 灯す focuses on the deliberate act of lighting it.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word


