照らす|てらすterasu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto shine on; to illuminate
- godan verb, transitive verbto compare (with); to refer to
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 照らす（てらす） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 照らします（てらします） |
| Negative (nai) | 照らさない（てらさない） |
| polite (masen) | 照らしません（てらしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 照らさず・照らさぬ（てらさず・てらさぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 照らした（てらした） |
| polite (mashita) | 照らしました（てらしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 照らさなかった（てらさなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 照らしませんでした（てらしませんでした） |
| Te form | 照らして（てらして） |
| Potential | 照らせる（てらせる） |
| Passive | 照らされる（てらされる） |
| Causative | 照らさせる（てらさせる） |
| Causative passive | 照らさせられる（てらさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 照らせば（てらせば） |
| tara | 照らしたら（てらしたら） |
| Volitional | 照らそう（てらそう） |
| polite (mashou) | 照らしましょう（てらしましょう） |
| Imperative | 照らせ（てらせ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
日が照る
懐中電灯が道を照らす
照る emphasizes the light source itself shining (日が照る), while 照らす emphasizes directing light onto something else (懐中電灯が道を照らす).
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym照射しょうしゃWrittenWritten Sino-Japanese word for irradiating or exposing to rays, as in 「放射線を照射する」; leans scientific or medical.
- Synonym照らし出すてらしだすNeutralLights up a dark place so things become visible, as in 「ライトが顔を照らし出す」; unlike 照らす it stresses what the light reveals.
- Related輝かすかがやかすNeutralMakes the thing itself glow, often eyes or a face, as in 「目を輝かす」; it does not shine light onto something else.
- Related反射はんしゃNeutralLight or sound bouncing back off a surface, as in 「光が反射する」; the focus is reflection, not shining directly on something.
- Related光るひかるNeutralIntransitive: gives off light or gleams, as in 「星が光る」「刃が光る」; 照らす shines light onto something else.
- Related照り返すてりかえすNeutralSunlight or heat reflected back up, as in 「アスファルトが照り返す」; suggests strong light thrown back from a surface.
- Related反照はんしょうWrittenWritten word for reflected light or the evening glow; found mostly in literary description.
- Related映射えいしゃWrittenWritten word for light or images reflecting off a surface; rare today — mathematical mapping is 「写像」.
- Related返照へんしょうWrittenWritten word for the reflected light of the setting sun; mostly seen in poetry and literary prose.
- Antonym曇らすくもらすNeutralMakes something dark or dim, as in 「表情を曇らす」; it is the opposite of 照らす in the sense of removing brightness.
- Antonym暗くするNeutralDims lights or darkens a place; the direct opposite of 照らす in its sense of lighting something up.
Use 「照らす」 for shining light on something or for comparing against a standard, as in 「規則に照らして」. Choose 「照らし出す」 when light reveals something in the dark, 「照射」 for scientific or medical irradiation, 「光る」 when something itself shines, and 「反射」 for light bouncing back.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
