光る|ひかるhikaru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

JLPT N4approx.Common
Definitions
  1. godan verb, intransitive verbto shine; to glitter; to be bright
    上部じょうぶ前方ぜんぽうで何なんかが光ひかっている。↗
    Something is flashing up ahead.
Conjugation
Dictionary form光る(ひかる)
Polite (masu)光ります(ひかります)
Negative (nai)光らない(ひからない)
polite (masen)光りません(ひかりません)
classical zu / nu光らず・光らぬ(ひからず・ひからぬ)
Past (ta)光った(ひかった)
polite (mashita)光りました(ひかりました)
Past negative (nakatta)光らなかった(ひからなかった)
polite (masen deshita)光りませんでした(ひかりませんでした)
Te form光って(ひかって)
Potential光れる(ひかれる)
Passive光られる(ひかられる)
Causative光らせる(ひからせる)
Causative passive光らせられる・光らされる(ひからせられる・ひからされる)
Conditional (ba)光れば(ひかれば)
tara光ったら(ひかったら)
Volitional光ろう(ひかろう)
polite (mashou)光りましょう(ひかりましょう)
Imperative光れ(ひかれ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
intransitive光るひかる⇄transitive光らすひからす
星ほしが夜空よぞらに光ひかる
光る describes something shining or emitting light on its own (星が光る), while 光らす means to make something shine by an action, as in polishing (床を光らす).

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym輝くかがやくNeutralFor dazzling brilliance or figurative glory, as in 「優勝に輝く」; 「目が輝く」 is also common in speech. More resplendent than 「光る」.
  • Synonym光り輝くひかりかがやくWrittenWritten style, an emphatic word for radiating light, as in 「光り輝く未来」.
  • SynonymキラキラCasualColloquial mimetic word for glittering, as in 「星がキラキラ光る」; stresses twinkling.
  • Synonym照るてるWrittenWritten style for the sun or moon shining or for clear weather, as in 「日が照る」; 「光る」 is not limited to sun and moon.
  • SynonymひらめくWrittenWritten style for a flash of light or a sudden idea, as in 「アイデアが閃く」.
  • SynonymきらめくWrittenWritten style for flickering, wavering light, as in 「星が煌めく」; has a poetic feel.
  • Synonymピカピカ光るピカピカひかるCasualColloquial for a polished shine or bright flashing, as in 「靴がぴかぴか光る」「ライトがピカピカ光る」.
  • Related差すさすNeutralFor light streaming in, as in 「日が差す」; focuses on light entering, while 「光る」 is an object giving off light.
  • Antonym曇るくもるNeutralFor the sky clouding over, lenses fogging up, or shine dulling, as in 「眼鏡が曇る」; the opposite of 「光る」.
  • Antonym暗いくらいNeutralAn adjective for dimness with little light, as in 「部屋が暗い」; opposite of the brightness of 「光る」.

Default to 「光る」 for giving off light. For dazzling or glorious shine use 「輝く」, flickering light 「煌めく」 or 「キラキラ」, polished shine 「ピカピカ」, sunlight 「照る」 or 「差す」, a flash of inspiration 「閃く」; overcast or foggy is 「曇る」, dark is 「暗い」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 光ひかりを放はなつ、光源こうげんとなる、発光はっこうする。また光ひかりを反射はんしゃして輝かがやく。
  2. (才能さいのうなどが)目立めだつ、際立きわだつ。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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