発布|はっぷhappu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbproclamation; promulgation
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 発布する（はっぷする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 発布します（はっぷします） |
| Negative (nai) | 発布しない（はっぷしない） |
| polite (masen) | 発布しません（はっぷしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 発布せず・発布せぬ（はっぷせず・はっぷせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 発布した（はっぷした） |
| polite (mashita) | 発布しました（はっぷしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 発布しなかった（はっぷしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 発布しませんでした（はっぷしませんでした） |
| Te form | 発布して（はっぷして） |
| Potential | 発布できる（はっぷできる） |
| Passive | 発布される（はっぷされる） |
| Causative | 発布させる（はっぷさせる） |
| Causative passive | 発布させられる（はっぷさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 発布すれば（はっぷすれば） |
| tara | 発布したら（はっぷしたら） |
| Volitional | 発布しよう（はっぷしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 発布しましょう（はっぷしましょう） |
| Imperative | 発布しろ（はっぷしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym布告ふこくWrittenWritten/formal prose. A state formally proclaiming something to the public; also covers declaring war, as in 「宣戦布告」.
- Synonym公布こうふWrittenWritten/formal prose. The modern legal term for formally issuing laws or treaties; the effective date may be set separately. 「発布」 is now mostly historical.
- Synonym告示こくじWrittenWritten/formal prose. Formal notice from a government agency; also the announcement that an election will be held.
- Synonym公示こうじWrittenWritten/formal prose. Official posting or public announcement by the authorities, e.g. the 「公示日」 that starts an election.
- Synonym公告こうこくWrittenWritten/formal prose. Announcements by government offices or companies in newspapers or official gazettes.
- Synonym宣布せんぷWrittenWritten/formal prose but rare. Centers on letting ideas or doctrines spread widely.
- Synonym布令ふれいFormalFormal and rare. Promulgating orders or decrees; carries a historical flavor — modern usage says 「公布」.
- Synonym布達ふたつFormalFormal and rare. Superiors conveying decisions down to subordinates or concerned parties; also an administrative order of the early Meiji era.
- Related公表こうひょうNeutralNeutral and common in daily use. Making information public; not limited to laws.
- Relatedお達しおたっしNeutralNeutral. A notice or order handed down from above; also an Edo-period decree. In speech it can sound teasing, as in 「上からのお達し」.
- Related告達こくたつWrittenWritten/formal prose but rare. Notifying people of a matter; not limited to laws.
- Related触れふれWrittenAn Edo-period public notice; an archaic written word, usually as 「お触れ」, seldom used today.
- Antonym撤回てっかいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Withdrawing an opinion or proposal already put forward — the opposite direction from formally promulgating something.
- Antonym廃止はいしWrittenWritten/formal prose. Ending a system, law, or practice — the opposite of issuing a law to the public.
「発布」 is for the formal promulgation of a constitution or law and is now mostly historical, as in 「憲法発布」. For promulgating laws today use 「公布」; for making information public in general use 「公表」. The remaining words are narrower official notices or archaic; 「撤回」 and 「廃止」 point the opposite way.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
