窮乏|きゅうぼうkyuubou[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbpoverty; destitution; privation; indigence; penury
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 窮乏する（きゅうぼうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 窮乏します（きゅうぼうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 窮乏しない（きゅうぼうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 窮乏しません（きゅうぼうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 窮乏せず・窮乏せぬ（きゅうぼうせず・きゅうぼうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 窮乏した（きゅうぼうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 窮乏しました（きゅうぼうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 窮乏しなかった（きゅうぼうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 窮乏しませんでした（きゅうぼうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 窮乏して（きゅうぼうして） |
| Potential | 窮乏できる（きゅうぼうできる） |
| Passive | 窮乏される（きゅうぼうされる） |
| Causative | 窮乏させる（きゅうぼうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 窮乏させられる（きゅうぼうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 窮乏すれば（きゅうぼうすれば） |
| tara | 窮乏したら（きゅうぼうしたら） |
| Volitional | 窮乏しよう（きゅうぼうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 窮乏しましょう（きゅうぼうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 窮乏しろ（きゅうぼうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym貧困ひんこんNeutralNeutral word for poverty as a social issue, as in 「貧困層」; 「窮乏」 focuses on acute hardship in daily life and shortage of goods.
- Synonym困窮こんきゅうWrittenWritten word for hardship in living or being stuck in a bind; very close to 「窮乏」 in meaning and register.
- Synonym貧乏びんぼうNeutralEveryday word for being poor, common in speech; 「窮乏」 is more written and implies a heavier degree of want.
- Synonym貧ひんWrittenWritten word for poverty, used mostly in compounds; 「窮乏」 is the more common standalone term.
- Synonym極貧ごくひんWrittenWritten word for extreme poverty, stressing degree; 「窮乏」 instead focuses on hardship and lack of goods.
- Synonym赤貧せきひんWrittenWritten word for utter destitution, as in 「赤貧洗うが如し」; 「窮乏」 is the more common term.
- Synonym貧窮ひんきゅうWrittenWritten word for poverty and hardship, rarely used; 「窮乏」 is the more common choice.
- Synonym貧苦ひんくWrittenWritten word for the hardships of poverty; 「窮乏」 focuses on hardship and shortage of goods.
- Related金欠きんけつCasualColloquial slang for being short of money or broke; 「窮乏」 is written and much graver.
- Related貧寒ひんかんWrittenWritten word for poverty and hardship, rarely used; say 「窮乏」 or 「貧困」 instead.
- Antonym富裕ふゆうWrittenWritten word for wealth and affluence; the opposite of 「窮乏」 as a life of hardship.
- Antonym繁栄はんえいNeutralNeutral word for prosperity and thriving; the opposite of the hardship and want 「窮乏」 describes.
「窮乏」 is written prose for acute hardship in living and lack of goods, as in 「窮乏生活」. For poverty as a social issue use 「貧困」; in speech 「貧乏」; for being short of cash 「金欠」. 「困窮」 is a close written rival; 「極貧」 and 「赤貧」 stress extreme degree (「赤貧洗うが如し」). 「貧」「貧窮」「貧苦」「貧寒」 are rare written words — prefer 「窮乏」 or 「貧困」. Opposites: 「富裕」 (wealth), 「繁栄」 (prosperity).
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
