罷免|ひめんhimen[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdismissal (from a position); discharge
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 罷免する（ひめんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 罷免します（ひめんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 罷免しない（ひめんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 罷免しません（ひめんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 罷免せず・罷免せぬ（ひめんせず・ひめんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 罷免した（ひめんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 罷免しました（ひめんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 罷免しなかった（ひめんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 罷免しませんでした（ひめんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 罷免して（ひめんして） |
| Potential | 罷免できる（ひめんできる） |
| Passive | 罷免される（ひめんされる） |
| Causative | 罷免させる（ひめんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 罷免させられる（ひめんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 罷免すれば（ひめんすれば） |
| tara | 罷免したら（ひめんしたら） |
| Volitional | 罷免しよう（ひめんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 罷免しましょう（ひめんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 罷免しろ（ひめんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym免職めんしょくNeutralRemoval from office, chiefly of civil servants, as in 「懲戒免職」; centers on public posts.
- Synonym首切りくびきりCasualColloquial for layoffs and firings, mostly companies cutting staff; carries a harsh, cutthroat nuance.
- Synonym解任かいにんNeutralRelieving someone of a post or duty, as in 「監督を解任」; the focus is on removal from the position.
- Synonym解職かいしょくWrittenWritten and less common; same core sense as 「罷免」. Everyday speech prefers 「解任」 or 「免職」.
- Synonym馘首かくしゅWrittenOriginally means beheading; figuratively, dismissal. Written and rare today — say 「解雇」 in everyday speech.
- Synonymお役御免おやくごめんCasualColloquial and jocular: being relieved of a post or duty, or an object being discarded as no longer needed.
- Synonym免官めんかんWrittenWritten, historical or official term for stripping someone of an official post.
- Synonymお払い箱おはらいばこCasualColloquial and jocular: an object being thrown away, or a person being fired.
- SynonymくびにするCasualColloquial idiom for sacking someone; 「罷免」 is the formal term for removal from office.
- Synonym免黜めんちゅつWrittenExtremely literary and rare, seen in old texts and historical accounts; say 「免職」 or 「罷免」 in daily use.
- Related解雇かいこNeutralAn employer firing an employee; the most common word. 「罷免」 is for removing ministers and other public officials from office.
- Related放逐ほうちくNeutralExpulsion or banishment; centers on driving someone out, not limited to official posts.
- Related辞めさせるやめさせるNeutralPlain everyday word for making someone leave a job, whether forcing resignation or firing; 「罷免」 is more formal.
- Related放り出すほうりだすCasualColloquial: throwing something out, abandoning it, or kicking someone out; not limited to official posts.
- Antonym任命にんめいNeutralAppointing someone to a post — the opposite of 「罷免」, which removes them from it.
- Antonym登用とうようNeutralPromoting and making use of talented people — the opposite of 「罷免」's removal from office.
Use 「罷免」 for removing ministers, directors and the like from office, as in 「大臣を罷免する」. Companies fire staff with 「解雇」, relieve someone of a post with 「解任」, and dismiss civil servants with 「免職」. 「辞めさせる」 is the plain everyday verb; casual speech favors 「首にする」 and 「お払い箱」; 「免官」, 「免黜」, 「馘首」 and 「解職」 are written or historical.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
