解任|かいにんkainin[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdismissal (from a post); discharge; removal
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 解任する（かいにんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 解任します（かいにんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 解任しない（かいにんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 解任しません（かいにんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 解任せず・解任せぬ（かいにんせず・かいにんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 解任した（かいにんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 解任しました（かいにんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 解任しなかった（かいにんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 解任しませんでした（かいにんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 解任して（かいにんして） |
| Potential | 解任できる（かいにんできる） |
| Passive | 解任される（かいにんされる） |
| Causative | 解任させる（かいにんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 解任させられる（かいにんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 解任すれば（かいにんすれば） |
| tara | 解任したら（かいにんしたら） |
| Volitional | 解任しよう（かいにんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 解任しましょう（かいにんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 解任しろ（かいにんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym免職めんしょくWrittenRemoving someone from their post, mostly as a disciplinary measure for civil servants, as in 「懲戒免職」. 「解任」 applies to directors, supervisors and all sorts of posts.
- Synonym罷免ひめんWrittenRecalling public officials; often used for removing assembly members or governors, with a political and legal flavor. 「解任」 covers a wider range of positions.
- Synonym解職かいしょくWrittenRemoving someone from a post; almost identical in meaning to 「解任」 and interchangeable with it, but rarer and found mostly in official documents.
- Synonym免めんWrittenMeans dismissal from a post but is seldom used on its own, appearing mostly in old-style writing. In everyday speech say 「免職」 or 「解任」.
- Related解雇かいこNeutralAn employer dismissing an employee, ending the employment; common in daily use, as in 「不当解雇」. 「解任」 removes someone from a post, who need not leave the organization.
- RelatedくびCasualOriginally means neck; in casual speech 「首になる」 and 「首にする」 mean being fired or firing someone. For formal contexts use 「解雇」 or 「解任」.
- Related馘首かくしゅWrittenOriginally meant beheading, and by extension dismissal; the word is stiff on the page and rarely used today. In daily speech say 「解雇」 or 「首にする」.
- Relatedお役御免おやくごめんCasualBeing relieved of a post, or a thing being thrown out as useless; colloquial and jocular, so it cannot replace 「解任」 in formal settings.
- Relatedお払い箱おはらいばこCasualGetting rid of a person or thing as if it were useless; a colloquial, slangy expression with a sarcastic edge, unsuited to formal documents in place of 「解任」.
- RelatedいとまWrittenMainly means free time or leave; 「暇を出す」 and 「暇をもらう」 can mean dismissing someone or resigning, but this usage is old-fashioned and rare today.
- Related免官めんかんWrittenDismissing someone from an official post; applies only to officials and has a historical, old-institution flavor. For today's civil servants 「免職」 is the usual word.
- Antonym任命にんめいWrittenAppointing someone to a post; the direction is opposite to 「解任」 — one confers a post, the other removes it, as in 「大臣に任命する」.
- Antonym就任しゅうにんWrittenTaking up a post oneself; an intransitive verb, the opposite of 「解任」, which is being removed from a post, as in 「社長に就任する」.
Use 「解任」 for removing someone from a post or duty. For letting an employee go say 「解雇」; for disciplinary dismissal of civil servants 「免職」; for recalling officials or assembly members 「罷免」. Colloquially, being fired is 「首になる」. The opposite of 「解任」 is 「任命」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
