負担|ふたんfutan[0]heiban (flat)
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- nounburden; load; responsibility
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbbearing (a cost, responsibility, etc.); shouldering
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 負担する(ふたんする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 負担します(ふたんします) |
| Negative (nai) | 負担しない(ふたんしない) |
| polite (masen) | 負担しません(ふたんしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 負担せず・負担せぬ(ふたんせず・ふたんせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 負担した(ふたんした) |
| polite (mashita) | 負担しました(ふたんしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 負担しなかった(ふたんしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 負担しませんでした(ふたんしませんでした) |
| Te form | 負担して(ふたんして) |
| Potential | 負担できる(ふたんできる) |
| Passive | 負担される(ふたんされる) |
| Causative | 負担させる(ふたんさせる) |
| Causative passive | 負担させられる(ふたんさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 負担すれば(ふたんすれば) |
| tara | 負担したら(ふたんしたら) |
| Volitional | 負担しよう(ふたんしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 負担しましょう(ふたんしましょう) |
| Imperative | 負担しろ(ふたんしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym負荷ふかNeutralWritten-flavoured word for a load imposed on something, physical or technical: 「体に負荷をかける」. 負担 centres on costs and mental strain instead.
- Synonym重荷おもにNeutralWritten word for a heavy burden weighing on the mind: 「重荷を下ろす」. It stresses crushing weight more than 負担 does.
- Related心配しんぱいNeutralWorry or concern over what may go wrong; it can also mean looking after someone or arranging help. Relates to 「負担」 mainly through mental strain.
- Relatedお荷物おにもつCasualColloquial for a person or thing that drags others down: 「チームのお荷物」. Often self-deprecating or disparaging, unlike the neutral 負担.
- Related首枷くびかせWrittenWritten and figurative: fetters or a yoke that ties you down, as in 「子は三界の首枷」. It pictures being bound, not bearing a cost or duty.
- Related厄介物やっかいものNeutralA person or thing others find troublesome and shun; stresses being a nuisance, unlike the cost-and-duty sense of 負担.
- Related厄介事やっかいごとNeutralA troublesome matter you get tangled up in: 「厄介事に巻き込まれる」. About thorny affairs, not costs or duties.
- Related厄介なものNeutralA headache of a thing: something tricky to deal with, not necessarily a cost or duty as with 負担.
Default to 「負担」 for bearing costs, duties, or strain: 「費用を負担する」「負担が大きい」. Physical or technical loads take 「負荷」, crushing mental weight 「重荷」, a drag on others 「お荷物」, troublesome people or things 「厄介物」「厄介なもの」, thorny affairs 「厄介事」, worry 「心配」, fetters 「首枷」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


