返上|へんじょうhenjou[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbreturn; giving back; giving up; relinquishing; surrendering
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 返上する（へんじょうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 返上します（へんじょうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 返上しない（へんじょうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 返上しません（へんじょうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 返上せず・返上せぬ（へんじょうせず・へんじょうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 返上した（へんじょうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 返上しました（へんじょうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 返上しなかった（へんじょうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 返上しませんでした（へんじょうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 返上して（へんじょうして） |
| Potential | 返上できる（へんじょうできる） |
| Passive | 返上される（へんじょうされる） |
| Causative | 返上させる（へんじょうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 返上させられる（へんじょうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 返上すれば（へんじょうすれば） |
| tara | 返上したら（へんじょうしたら） |
| Volitional | 返上しよう（へんじょうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 返上しましょう（へんじょうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 返上しろ（へんじょうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym返還へんかんWrittenWritten/formal word for returning territory or things to their owner, as in 「返還交渉」; unlike 返上, it does not cover giving up holidays or clearing one's name.
- Synonym返却へんきゃくNeutralNeutral word for returning borrowed items such as books; it is about handing back physical objects, not about giving up holidays or titles like 返上.
- Synonym返納へんのうWrittenWritten/formal term for handing a document or licence back to the authorities, as in 「免許返納」; 「返上」 stresses voluntarily giving something up.
- Synonym返すかえすNeutralNeutral verb meaning to return something; the most versatile of the group, used for handing things back rather than for giving up holidays or honour like 返上.
- Related還付かんぷWrittenWritten/formal, chiefly a tax term: the authorities refunding overpaid taxes or fees to a person; it concerns money returned, not things given up like 返上.
- Antonym拝受はいじゅFormalFormal word for respectfully receiving something; it is the opposite of 返上, which is about actively giving something back or up.
Use 「返上」 for actively giving something up or clearing a bad name, as in 「休日返上で働く」「汚名返上」「タイトル返上」. For returning borrowed items say 「返却」, for handing documents to the authorities 「返納」; 「拝受」 is its opposite.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
