返納|へんのうhennou[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbreturning (to the authorities); restoring
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 返納する（へんのうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 返納します（へんのうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 返納しない（へんのうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 返納しません（へんのうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 返納せず・返納せぬ（へんのうせず・へんのうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 返納した（へんのうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 返納しました（へんのうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 返納しなかった（へんのうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 返納しませんでした（へんのうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 返納して（へんのうして） |
| Potential | 返納できる（へんのうできる） |
| Passive | 返納される（へんのうされる） |
| Causative | 返納させる（へんのうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 返納させられる（へんのうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 返納すれば（へんのうすれば） |
| tara | 返納したら（へんのうしたら） |
| Volitional | 返納しよう（へんのうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 返納しましょう（へんのうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 返納しろ（へんのうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym返還へんかんFormalFormal word for returning something to its original owner; covers territory, deposits and payments, as in 「領土返還」「敷金の返還」.
- Synonym返却へんきゃくNeutralNeutral, everyday word for returning borrowed items, e.g. library books; it lacks the nuance of handing something back to an official body.
- Synonym返上へんじょうWrittenWritten style; mostly in set phrases like 「汚名返上」「休日返上」, stressing the voluntary giving-up of something rather than a physical return.
- Synonym返すかえすNeutralThe most common everyday verb for returning things, with no restriction on the object; more casual and colloquial than 「返納」.
- Related返送へんそうNeutralNeutral word for sending something back through the mail to the sender; it does not necessarily involve handing anything to the authorities.
- Related返戻へんれいWrittenWritten and rare, found mostly in specialized usage; a familiar example is 「返戻金」, the refund paid out when an insurance policy is surrendered.
- Antonym受領じゅりょうFormalFormal term for formally receiving something; the direction is the opposite of 「返納」, which hands things back to the authorities.
- Antonym拝受はいじゅFormalHumble formal term for respectfully accepting something; the direction is the reverse of 「返納」, which hands things back or turns them in.
Use 「返納」 for handing licenses, IDs and the like back to the issuing authority, as in 「免許返納」. For returning things in general pick 「返す」 or 「返却」; for territory, deposits or money going back to the owner use 「返還」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
