追い越す|おいこすoikosu[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- godan verb, transitive verbto pass (e.g. car); to overtake
- godan verb, transitive verbto surpass; to outstrip; to get ahead of; to outdistance
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 追い越す(おいこす) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 追い越します(おいこします) |
| Negative (nai) | 追い越さない(おいこさない) |
| polite (masen) | 追い越しません(おいこしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 追い越さず・追い越さぬ(おいこさず・おいこさぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 追い越した(おいこした) |
| polite (mashita) | 追い越しました(おいこしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 追い越さなかった(おいこさなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 追い越しませんでした(おいこしませんでした) |
| Te form | 追い越して(おいこして) |
| Potential | 追い越せる(おいこせる) |
| Passive | 追い越される(おいこされる) |
| Causative | 追い越させる(おいこさせる) |
| Causative passive | 追い越させられる(おいこさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 追い越せば(おいこせば) |
| tara | 追い越したら(おいこしたら) |
| Volitional | 追い越そう(おいこそう) |
| polite (mashou) | 追い越しましょう(おいこしましょう) |
| Imperative | 追い越せ(おいこせ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym追い抜くおいぬくNeutralCatching up with and passing someone; also used for surpassing someone in ability or results. Largely interchangeable with 「追い越す」.
- Synonym追い越しおいこしNeutralA noun for overtaking, as in 「追い越し禁止」; seen mostly on traffic signs.
- Synonym抜き去るぬきさるNeutralTo overtake and leave someone far behind; mostly in reports of races, motor racing, etc.
- Related抜くぬくNeutralPrimarily means to pull out or extract, but also to pass a rival, as in 「前の車を抜く」; a very versatile word.
- Related通り過ぎるとおりすぎるNeutralMeans to go past or pass by; carries no competitive sense of overtaking the other party.
- Antonym遅れるおくれるNeutralTo fall behind or be late; the opposite of 「追い越す」, which is about getting ahead.
To catch up from behind and pass, use 「追い越す」; it is basically interchangeable with 「追い抜く」. 「追い越し」 appears on traffic signs, 「通り過ぎる」 for simply passing by, and 「遅れる」 for falling behind.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


