退ける|どけるdokeru[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto put something out of the way; to move (something, someone) aside
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 退ける（どける） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 退けます（どけます） |
| Negative (nai) | 退けない（どけない） |
| polite (masen) | 退けません（どけません） |
| classical zu / nu | 退けず・退けぬ（どけず・どけぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 退けた（どけた） |
| polite (mashita) | 退けました（どけました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 退けなかった（どけなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 退けませんでした（どけませんでした） |
| Te form | 退けて（どけて） |
| Potential | 退けられる（どけられる） |
| Passive | 退けられる（どけられる） |
| Causative | 退けさせる（どけさせる） |
| Causative passive | 退けさせられる（どけさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 退ければ（どければ） |
| tara | 退けたら（どけたら） |
| Volitional | 退けよう（どけよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 退けましょう（どけましょう） |
| Imperative | 退けろ（どけろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
人がどく
箱をどける
退く focuses on the event or resulting state, as in 人がどく, whereas 退ける foregrounds the agent acting on something, as in 箱をどける.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym除去じょきょWrittenWritten noun, often technical: removing dirt, stains or impurities. About eliminating matter, not shifting it aside like 「退ける」.
- Synonym押しのけるおしのけるNeutralFor pushing a person out of the way with force, as in 「人を押しのけて前に出る」; unlike 「退ける」 it suggests shoving and can sound high-handed.
- Related避けるさけるNeutralTo dodge or avoid something yourself — danger, questions, contact. 「退ける」 moves an object aside; 「避ける」 keeps yourself out of the way.
- Related排除はいじょWrittenWritten noun: clearing away or eliminating obstacles, as in 「障害物を排除する」. More formal than 「退ける」.
- Related駆逐くちくWrittenWritten noun for driving something out completely or wiping it out, as in 「悪貨が良貨を駆逐する」. Much stronger than just moving something aside.
- Related追い払うおいはらうNeutralTo shoo or drive something away, as in 「ハエを追い払う」. The thing is chased off; 「退ける」 simply puts it somewhere else out of the way.
- Related取り除くとりのぞくNeutralTo take away or get rid of something unwanted, as in 「不安を取り除く」. The focus is on removing it, whereas 「退ける」 is about shifting it out of the way.
- Related除くのぞくNeutralTo remove or exclude, as in 「日曜を除く」; leans written. Besides getting rid of things, it is used for leaving items out of a set or range.
- RelatedはねのけるNeutralTo shove or fling something aside with force; also figurative for shaking off pressure, as in 「プレッシャーを跳ね除ける」 — more violent than 「退ける」.
- Related蹴飛ばすけとばすCasualColloquial: to kick something away, or figuratively to turn down a request or offer flatly. In both senses it is rough and blunt next to 「退ける」.
- Related追い散らすおいちらすNeutralTo drive a gathered crowd or animals apart until they scatter. The point is dispersing the group, not shifting one thing aside as 「退ける」 does.
- Related排するはいするWrittenWritten verb: to push aside or exclude, as in 「万難を排する」. Formal and mostly in fixed phrases, unlike the everyday 「退ける」.
Use 「退ける」 to move something out of the way, as in 「荷物を退ける」. For shoving people aside pick 「押しのける」, for dodging 「避ける」, for shooing things away 「追い払う」, and for removing something unwanted 「取り除く」. 「跳ね除ける」 and 「蹴飛ばす」 add force, 「追い散らす」 scatters groups, and 「排除」「駆逐」「排する」「除去」 are written or formal choices.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
