に関わる|にかかわる

1. 1Seriously affects or has a direct bearing on something important, such as life, safety or the future.Ex. 1
2. 2Is involved in, takes part in, or relates to an activity or matter, without necessarily implying serious consequences (e.g. 仕事に関わる).Ex. 3

In the 'seriously affect' sense it is common in news reports, official statements and serious discussion, usually with nouns like 生命, 将来 or 名誉. In the 'be involved in' sense it is a neutral everyday verb. Unlike に関する or について, which simply mark a topic ('about'), に関わる expresses that something affects, or is bound up with, the noun. It is often written in kana as にかかわる.

• 1.
  に関する / に関してN3「に関する / に関して」neutrally means "about/concerning" a topic and carries no sense of "affecting" something; use「に関わる」when something affects major interests like life or reputation, while the two are fairly close for general "relating to / involving."
• 2.
  にかかわらずN2「にかかわらず」means "regardless of," indicating that a difference in the first item does not affect the outcome, and typically attaches to paired forms like「有無」or「行く行かない」;「に関わる」means "relate to / involve," a completely different meaning, so they cannot be swapped.
• 3.
  についてN3「について」introduces the topic of actions like speaking, thinking, or writing, with a neutral register, and modifies nouns as「についての」;「に関わる」means to relate to or involve something and is more formal, so the two generally cannot be interchanged.
• 4.
  に対してN3「に対して」marks the target of an action or attitude ("toward..."), and can also express contrast or proportion;「に関わる」means "relate to / involve" something and is more formal. Their meanings differ, so they cannot be interchanged.

にかかわる is the same pattern written in kana. に関する/に関して and について simply mark a topic ('about'), whereas に関わる means that something affects the noun, often seriously, or is involved in it. に対して marks a target or contrast ('toward', 'against'), and にかかわらず/に関わらず mean 'regardless of' despite the similar form.