How to say "rations" in Japanese

• 食糧しょくりょうJLPT N3approx.Common
  nounThe common general word for food supplies. Use it when 'rations' means provisions or a food supply, especially staples such as rice or wheat, as in emergency stores or army provisions.
  食糧しょくりょうが不足ふそくしている。↗

  Food has been in short supply.
• 口糧こうりょう
  nounThe closest match for 'rations' as the food allotted to each person, such as a soldier's daily share. It is a less common word, best when the individual allotment is the point.
• 行動食こうどうしょく
  nounDespite the gloss 'rations', this really means high-energy food carried while hiking — trail food for eating on the move — and is seldom the word you want for rations in the supply or allotment sense.

Use 食糧 for food supplies or provisions in general, 口糧 for rations allotted to each person, such as a soldier's daily share, and 行動食 only for high-energy food carried while hiking.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 食糧しょくりょうfood (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat)
• 口糧こうりょうrations
• 行動食こうどうしょくhigh-energy food (when hiking, etc.)