配る・賦る|くばるkubaru[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

1. godan verb, transitive verbto distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to deal out; to serve out
   サーカスで、商品しょうひんとしておもちゃを配くばっている。↗

   Circuses offer toys for prizes.
2. godan verb, transitive verbto allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.); to station

• Synonym分配ぶんぱいWrittenWritten word for dividing things or work among parties, e.g. 「利益を分配する」; 「配る」 means handing things out to each person in turn.
• Synonym配分はいぶんWrittenNoun for allocating resources or time proportionally, as in 「時間配分」; 「配る」 is physically getting things into people's hands.
• Synonym頒布はんぷWrittenNoun for distributing or issuing widely to the public, as in 「無料頒布」; fairly formal — in everyday speech use 「配る」.
• Synonym分与ぶんよWrittenNoun for giving assets or property to others, as in 「財産分与」; legalistic — everyday speech prefers 「分ける」 or 「配る」.
• Synonym分け与えるわけあたえるNeutralMeans giving things to others, whether your own or goods you hold in trust; 「配る」 stresses handing out one by one.
• Synonym配付はいふWrittenNoun for handing materials to each individual, as in 「資料を配付する」; bureaucratic flavor — say 「配る」 in daily life.
• Synonym配賦はいふFormalFormal term for apportioning by a set standard, common in accounting for allocating costs; for handing things out say 「配る」.
• Related割り振るわりふるNeutralAssigns tasks, rooms and the like to people according to the situation, e.g. 「仕事を割り振る」; 「配る」 is about distributing physical items.
• Related割り当てるわりあてるNeutralAssigns tasks, shares or roles to specific people, stressing who gets what; 「配る」 stresses delivering items into each hand.
• Related分けるわけるNeutralThe broadest term: to divide, sort, or share out; 「配る」 focuses on handing out to each person, and also covers staffing and staying attentive.
• Related振り分けるふりわけるNeutralSplits something in two or apportions it among parties, e.g. 「担当を振り分ける」; 「配る」 is about handing out physical things.
• Related配当はいとうWrittenNoun for stock dividends or allotted shares, mainly a financial term; 「配る」 is everyday handing-out.
• Related分担ぶんたんNeutralNoun for sharing work or costs, with each party responsible for a part; 「配る」 is sending things out to people.
• Related配達はいたつNeutralNoun for delivering letters, newspapers or goods to a set destination, as in 「新聞配達」; 「配る」 stresses distribution to many people.
• Related配送はいそうWrittenNoun for logistics delivery of goods, a commercial term focused on transport; 「配る」 stresses getting items into each person's hands.
• Related充当じゅうとうWrittenNoun for earmarking money or staff for a particular purpose, as in 「経費に充当する」; 「配る」 means handing things out.
• Related充てるあてるNeutralSets aside money, time or staff for something, as in 「時間を充てる」; 「配る」 is distributing to many people.
• RelatedあてがうNeutralAllots or gives something, sometimes with a nuance of casually palming it off, and can also mean fitting or attaching; 「配る」 is neutral handing-out.
• Related割り付けるわりつけるNeutralAllots and lays out, as in page layout 「割り付け」; a technical, editorial term — 「配る」 means distributing to people.
• Related取り分けるとりわけるNeutralServes food onto each person's plate or sets a portion aside from the rest; 「配る」 is handing things out one by one to many people.
• Related振り当てるふりあてるNeutralAssigns roles or tasks but is rarely used — say 「割り当てる」 instead; 「配る」 is about distributing physical items.

Use 「配る」 for handing things out to people one by one, as in 「ビラを配る」, and for staying attentive, as in 「気を配る」. For dividing among parties use 「分配」, for assigning tasks 「割り当てる」, and for delivery 「配達」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 物ものを必要ひつように応おうじてそれぞれに行いき渡わたるよう割り当わりあてて渡わたす。分配ぶんぱいする。
2. 適当てきとうな場所ばしょに割り振わりふって置おく。配置はいちする。
3. 注意ちゅういなどを行いき渡わたらせる。