How to say "restructuring" in Japanese

• 改造かいぞうJLPT N2approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers physical alteration: remodeling a building, converting or modifying a machine or vehicle. Its 'restructuring' sense is secondary; for reorganizing a company or its operations, this is not the usual word.
  地下室ちかしつを仕事場しごとばに改造かいぞうした。↗

  The basement has been made over into a workshop.
• 再構築さいこうちく
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbRestructuring as rebuilding: taking something apart and setting it up anew — a system, a framework, or a company's operations. The nuance is constructing afresh rather than merely adjusting.
  抜本的ばっぽんてきに事業じぎょうの再さい構築こうちくを行おこなったおかげで、当社とうしゃの黒字くろじは３倍ばいに膨ふくらんだ。↗

  Thank to a fundamental restructuring, our surplus has swelled threefold.
• 組織再編そしきさいへん
  nounRestructuring of an organization itself — a company, a corporate group, a public body. Typical context: business news about mergers, divestitures, and regrouping of operations.
  リサーチ・イン・モーションが約やく２千にせん人にんの従業員じゅうぎょういん解雇かいこと組織そしき再編さいへんを発表はっぴょうした。↗

  Research in Motion announced the layoff of 2000 employees and a restructuring of the company.
• 構造改革こうぞうかいかく
  nounRestructuring in the sense of structural reform: overhauling the deep-seated structure of an economy, an industry, or a struggling company. Typical in policy debate; the emphasis is fundamental reform, not reshuffling.
• 廃合整理はいごうせいり
  nounA narrow, less common term: reorganization by consolidation, doing away with overlapping units and merging the rest. Seldom the word you want for general 'restructuring'; use it only for that eliminate-and-consolidate sense.

Choose by what is being restructured: 改造 for physical remodeling or conversion, 再構築 for rebuilding something anew, 組織再編 for reorganizing a company or group, 構造改革 for deep structural reform, and 廃合整理 for consolidation.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 改造かいぞうremodeling
• 再構築さいこうちくreconstruction
• 組織再編そしきさいへんreorganization
• 構造改革こうぞうかいかくstructural reform
• 廃合整理はいごうせいりreorganization
• リストラ(corporate) restructuring
• リストラクチャリング(financial) restructuring