How to say "ruling" in Japanese

• 裁定さいていCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbA ruling or decision handed down by an authority such as a court, agency, or arbitrator; it also covers arbitration awards, as when a tribunal rules on a dispute.
• 裁決さいけつCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbA formal decision or ruling by an authority, often an administrative body or judge. Close to 裁定, but frequently suggests a decision handed down in response to an appeal, protest, or objection.
  仲裁ちゅうさいでは普通ふつう６ヶ月かげつに裁決さいけつを下くだす。↗

  With arbitration, judgement is usually passed in six months' time.
• 支配的しはいてきCommon
  na-adjectiveThe adjectival sense of 'ruling', as in the ruling class or a ruling party — the group holding power or dominance. It never means an official decision, so it is not the word for a court ruling.
  これは、この現象げんしょうにおいて支配的しはいてきな要素ようそを決定けっていするという問題もんだいである。↗

  The problem is one of determining the dominant factors in this phenomenon.
• 判定はんていJLPT N1approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbA judgement or ruling on a specific question — the outcome of a match, test, medical check, or similar. For court judgments it is less typical than 裁定 or 裁決.
  審判しんぱんの判定はんていは絶対ぜったいだ。↗

  The judge's decision is final.

For 'ruling' as a decision by a court, judge, or authority, choose 裁定, 裁決, or 判定 depending on who decides; for 'ruling' as an adjective meaning dominant, use 支配的.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 裁定さいていdecision
• 裁決さいけつdecision
• 支配的しはいてきdominant
• 判定はんていjudgement
• 判示はんじjudgement
• 南面なんめんascending the throne