How to say "scheme" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • プランJLPT N3approx.Common
    nounCovers a scheme in the neutral sense of a plan or proposal, with no bad intent implied. Use it for travel plans, business schemes, and similar everyday contexts.
    このプランはみんなに満足まんぞくがいくものです。↗
    This plan is acceptable to all.
  • godan verb, transitive verbThe verb 'to scheme'. It implies plotting something underhand or deceitful, so it suits scheming against someone or hatching a trick rather than making an innocent plan. Usually written in kana alone.
    彼かれは何なんか企たくらんでいるように思おもえる。↗
    I think he is planning something.
  • 陰謀いんぼうCommon
    nounA scheme in the sense of a plot or intrigue conceived secretly and with malicious intent. It typically refers to a conspiracy, such as plotting behind someone's back or in political intrigue.
    私は彼かれらの陰謀いんぼうをすぐに見抜みぬいた。↗
    I saw through their plot at once.
  • 謀略ぼうりゃくCommon
    nounA scheme as a deliberate plot or stratagem designed to deceive or gain an advantage. It carries a calculating, maneuvering nuance, fitting schemes of trickery, artifice, or military and political strategy.
  • 魂胆こんたんCommon
    nounA scheme understood as an ulterior motive or hidden design lurking behind someone's actions. It stresses the secret intention itself rather than the plot, often in contexts of exposing another person's true designs.

Use 「プラン」 for a neutral plan or scheme, 「たくらむ」 for the verb of scheming, and 陰謀, 謀略, or 魂胆 for scheming with sinister, secretive, or ulterior overtones.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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