How to say "till" in Japanese

• までCommon
  particleThe word for the temporal sense: it marks the time up to which something continues, as in being open till nine or waiting till tomorrow. It is usually written in kana alone.
  １０時じまでに夕食ゆうしょくの準備じゅんびをしておくように取り計とりはからいなさい。↗

  See that dinner is ready by ten.
• 耕すたがやすJLPT N2approx.Common
  godan verb, transitive verbThis is the farming verb: to till, plow, or cultivate soil. It has nothing to do with time, so it is the word you want only when 'till' means working the land, never for 'until'.
  農家のうかの人ひと達たちは鋤すきで土つちを耕たがやす。↗

  Farmers turn up the soil with plows.
• にかけてCommon
  expressionCovers 'till' when something continues over a period, from one point through another — the 'Monday through Thursday' kind of span. It frames the whole stretch rather than a single cutoff point.
  このため、今夜こんやから明日あすにかけて全般ぜんぱんに曇くもりや雨あめの天気てんきでしょう。↗

  Because of this it will probably be generally cloudy and rainy weather over tonight and tomorrow.

Use 「まで」 for the temporal 'till/until' a point in time, 「耕す」 for the unrelated farming verb 'to till' soil, and 「にかけて」 when something continues over a span, as from Monday through Thursday.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• までuntil (a time)
• 耕すたがやすto till
• にかけてtill
• 銭入れぜにいれtill
• 金箱かねばこcashbox
• 鋤くすくto plough
• 金入れかねいれcashbox
• 作るつくるto till
• 打つうつto till (soil)
• 起こすおこすto plough