準備|じゅんびjunbi[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbpreparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 準備する(じゅんびする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 準備します(じゅんびします) |
| Negative (nai) | 準備しない(じゅんびしない) |
| polite (masen) | 準備しません(じゅんびしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 準備せず・準備せぬ(じゅんびせず・じゅんびせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 準備した(じゅんびした) |
| polite (mashita) | 準備しました(じゅんびしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 準備しなかった(じゅんびしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 準備しませんでした(じゅんびしませんでした) |
| Te form | 準備して(じゅんびして) |
| Potential | 準備できる(じゅんびできる) |
| Passive | 準備される(じゅんびされる) |
| Causative | 準備させる(じゅんびさせる) |
| Causative passive | 準備させられる(じゅんびさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 準備すれば(じゅんびすれば) |
| tara | 準備したら(じゅんびしたら) |
| Volitional | 準備しよう(じゅんびしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 準備しましょう(じゅんびしましょう) |
| Imperative | 準備しろ(じゅんびしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym支度したくCasualColloquial; mostly getting ready to go out or to cook, or fixing one's appearance, as in 「出かける支度」「夕食の支度」. 「準備」 is more formal and general.
- Synonym用意よういNeutralNeutral; preparing what is needed in advance, as in 「お茶を用意する」; stresses having things ready on hand, and can also mean staying alert.
- Synonym備えそなえWrittenWritten/formal prose; preparation against possible trouble or emergencies, as in 「災害への備え」; stresses guarding against what might happen.
- Synonym設けるもうけるNeutralNeutral; to set up or provide something, as in 「席を設ける」「機会を設ける」; works in both written and spoken style. 「準備」 stresses getting things ready beforehand.
- Related整えるととのえるNeutralNeutral verb meaning to put things in order or get them into good shape, as in 「体調を整える」; stresses making something neat and well arranged.
- Related仕込みしこみNeutralNeutral; stocking up on materials or the brewing process, and also training someone in a skill, as in 「仕込み中」「酒の仕込み」. 「準備」 covers preparation of any kind.
- Related下ごしらえしたごしらえCasualColloquial; preliminary treatment of ingredients or groundwork done beforehand, as in 「野菜の下ごしらえ」; stresses the early stages of a process.
- Related膳立てぜんだてCasualColloquial; literally laying out a meal, figuratively arranging things in advance or paving the way for someone, as in 「お膳立てをする」. 「準備」 is the ordinary word.
- Related手回してまわしCasualColloquial; making thorough arrangements in advance, as in 「手回しがいい」; stresses handling things so nothing is left out.
- Antonym後片付けあとかたづけCasualColloquial; the opposite of 「準備」: tidying up after something is over.
- Antonym撤収てっしゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose; the opposite of 「準備」: dismantling or striking equipment, or withdrawing, as in 「テントを撤収する」.
For preparation in general, 「準備」 is the default. Use 「用意」 for having things ready, 「支度」 for getting ready to go out or cook, 「備え」 for guarding against trouble, 「下ごしらえ」 for prepping ingredients, and 「お膳立て」 for paving the way; 「後片付け」 is the cleanup afterwards.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


