反復|はんぷくhanpuku[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbrepetition; repeat; reiteration
2. noun, suru verb, transitive verb, statisticsreplication
3. noun, suru verb, transitive verb, computingrecursion; iteration

• Synonym繰り返しくりかえしNeutralNative Japanese word, more common in daily speech; also an adverb, as in 「繰り返し読む」. 「反復」 is a Sino-Japanese word with a written flavour, as in 「反復練習」.
• SynonymリピートNeutralLoanword for reruns, repeat purchases, and the repeat sign in music; 「反復」 suits practice, study, or computation.
• SynonymループNeutralA ring or loop, and cycles in programs or playback that return to the start; 「反復」 just means doing the same thing over.
• Synonym繰り返すくりかえすNeutralThe everyday verb for repeating something; 「反復する」 means the same but is more written, seen in study or scientific prose.
• RelatedたびたびNeutralAdverb meaning often or many times, modifying an action; 「反復」 is a noun or suru verb naming the act of repetition itself.
• Related重ねるかさねるNeutralLiterally to stack or pile; by extension to repeat and accumulate, as in 「努力を重ねる」. It adds a nuance of accumulation, which 「反復」 lacks.
• Related再演さいえんNeutralSpecifically restaging a play or an actor playing the same role again; 「反復」 is not limited to performances.
• RelatedしきりにNeutralAdverb for doing something frequently or incessantly; it can also convey eagerness. 「反復」 is a noun for the act of repetition itself.
• Related再三さいさんNeutralAdverb meaning again and again, as in 「再三注意する」 or 「再三検討する」; 「反復」 is a noun for the act of repetition.
• Related循環じゅんかんNeutralCirculation or cycles that return to their start, like blood flow or the economy; 「反復」 is just doing the same thing, with no return implied.
• Related再現さいげんNeutralBringing a past event or state back, as in reenactments or reproductions; 「反復」 is one action performed many times.
• Related復唱ふくしょうNeutralSaying aloud what you heard or reading repeatedly, e.g. repeating an order or shadowing pronunciation; 「反復」 covers repetition of any action.
• RelatedしきりとWrittenSame meaning as 「頻りに」—frequently, keenly—but rarer; to name repetition as a noun, use 「反復」.
• Related幾重にもいくえにもWrittenLayer upon layer; also used to repeat apologies or pleas with sincerity, as in 「幾重にもお詫び」. 「反復」 has no such use.
• Related重ねてかさねてNeutralAdverb meaning once more, often when formally repeating a request or apology; 「反復」 is a noun and not used this way.
• Related重ね重ねかさねがさねNeutralAdverb for time and again, as in earnest thanks or apologies: 「重ね重ねお礼申し上げます」. 「反復」 has no such use.
• Related返す返すかえすがえすWrittenAdverb most often heard in 「返す返すも残念」, stressing regret no matter how one looks at it; 「反復」 names only the repeated act and carries no emotional coloring.
• Related一度ならずいちどならずWrittenSet phrase meaning not just once, said when something has happened many times; 「反復」 is a noun for the act or phenomenon of repetition.
• Related頻く頻くしくしくWrittenArchaic adverb for happening in quick succession, almost unused today; say 「頻繁に」 instead, and use 「反復」 for the noun.
• Antonym単発たんぱつNeutralOne-shot or one-off, as in a one-time event or a single episode; the opposite of 「反復」, which implies doing something many times.
• Antonym一回限りNeutralHappening only once and never repeated; the opposite of 「反復」, which is about doing something many times.

Everyday speech defaults to 「繰り返し」 and 「繰り返す」; 「反復」 itself is written-style, as in 「反復練習」. Turn to 「循環」 or 「ループ」 for cycles, 「リピート」 for reruns, 「復唱」 for repeating aloud, and adverbs like 「度々」 or 「再三」 for how often something happens.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 繰り返くりかえして行おこなうこと。