嘲る|あざけるazakeru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto scoff; to laugh at; to make fun of; to ridicule; to jeer at
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 嘲る（あざける） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 嘲ります（あざけります） |
| Negative (nai) | 嘲らない（あざけらない） |
| polite (masen) | 嘲りません（あざけりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 嘲らず・嘲らぬ（あざけらず・あざけらぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 嘲った（あざけった） |
| polite (mashita) | 嘲りました（あざけりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 嘲らなかった（あざけらなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 嘲りませんでした（あざけりませんでした） |
| Te form | 嘲って（あざけって） |
| Potential | 嘲れる（あざけれる） |
| Passive | 嘲られる（あざけられる） |
| Causative | 嘲らせる（あざけらせる） |
| Causative passive | 嘲らせられる・嘲らされる（あざけらせられる・あざけらされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 嘲れば（あざければ） |
| tara | 嘲ったら（あざけったら） |
| Volitional | 嘲ろう（あざけろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 嘲りましょう（あざけりましょう） |
| Imperative | 嘲れ（あざけれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym揶揄やゆWrittenWritten word for ridicule or satire; today often aimed at social conditions, as in 「政府を揶揄する」. Carries more of a teasing, bantering tone than 「嘲る」.
- Synonym冷笑れいしょうWrittenA cold, disdainful laugh, as in 「冷笑を浮かべる」; stresses an icy, scornful attitude. 「嘲る」 can also mean mocking with words.
- Synonym冷やかすひやかすNeutralTo banter or razz someone, as in 「新婚夫婦を冷やかす」, usually in jest; also means to cool something or to window-shop.
- SynonymからかうNeutralThe most common everyday word: teasing someone to get a rise out of them, in fun or with malice. 「嘲る」 is specifically contemptuous.
- Synonym嗤笑ししょうWrittenWritten term for a contemptuous sneer; very rare. In everyday speech 「あざ笑う」 or 「嘲笑する」 is the normal choice.
- Synonym嘲笑ちょうしょうNeutralNeutral noun (also takes する), as in 「嘲笑の的」. More frequently used than the verb 「嘲る」.
- Synonym嘲弄ちょうろうWrittenWritten word for mocking and making a fool of someone; carries a stronger sense of toying with the person than 「嘲る」.
- Relatedあざ笑うあざわらうNeutralTo laugh scornfully. Nearly interchangeable with 「嘲る」, but stresses the laughing itself; 「嘲る」 also covers putting someone down in words.
- Related野次るやじるCasualColloquial: to heckle or boo at a game, in parliament, etc. Focuses on shouting to disrupt; not necessarily mockery.
- Related茶々を入れるちゃちゃをいれるCasualColloquial idiom for butting in with jokes while someone is talking; centers on disrupting the conversation, with less malice than 「嘲る」.
- RelatedなぶるWrittenWritten word for tormenting and making sport of someone, with a cruel edge, as in 「なぶりものにする」. Adds an element of torment absent from 「嘲る」.
- RelatedおちょくるCasualColloquial: to tease or rib someone in a playful way; usually less malicious than 「嘲る」.
- RelatedおちゃらかすCasualColloquial: to make fun of someone, sometimes with a disdainful tinge. Uncommon; in daily speech 「からかう」 is the usual word.
- Relatedせせら笑うせせらわらうNeutralTo snort or sneer with contempt, as in 「せせら笑う声」; the focus is on the disdainful manner of the laugh.
- Antonym褒めるほめるNeutralAntonym: to praise someone's strong points. Opposes 「嘲る」 in how you judge a person—building up rather than putting down.
- Antonym称えるたたえるWrittenWritten antonym: to extol someone's achievements and show respect, as in 「健闘を称える」. The opposite of ridiculing.
Everyday teasing is 「からかう」. For contemptuous mockery use 「あざ笑う」 or 「嘲る」, with 「嘲笑」 as the usual noun, and heckling is 「野次る」. 「揶揄」, 「嗤笑」, 「嘲弄」 and 「嬲る」 belong to written prose; 「おちょくる」 and 「茶々を入れる」 are playful teasing with little malice; 「冷やかす」 is mostly banter.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
