年末|ねんまつnenmatsu[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, adverbend-of-year; year-end
   来年末らいねんまつまでで、ここで働はたらき始はじめてどれくらいの期間きかんになりますか。↗

   How long will you have been working here by the end of next year?

• Synonym年の暮れとしのくれNeutralRefers to the year's end, as in 「年の暮れ」; carries a reflective, wistful tone.
• Related暮れくれNeutralCovers the year-end but also dusk, as in 「暮れの大掃除」; more colloquial with a seasonal feel, while 「年末」 is the more written term for the period.
• Related歳晩さいばんWrittenA written, literary word for year's end; rarely used in modern Japanese.
• Antonym年始ねんしNeutralThe start of the new year, the opposite of 「年末」; the two often appear together as 「年末年始」.
• Antonym年初ねんしょWrittenA written term for the start of the year, opposite of 「年末」; common in economic and statistical contexts.

Use 「年末」 for the final stretch of the year, as in 「年末年始」 and 「年末調整」. For a colloquial, seasonal feel choose 「暮れ」; the opposites are 「年始」 and 「年初」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 1年ねんの終おわり。12月がつ下旬げじゅん、特とくに官庁かんちょう仕事しごと納おさめ以降いこうのことを指さすことが多おおい。