引き下がる|ひきさがるhikisagaru[4]nakadaka (mid-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- godan verb, intransitive verbto withdraw; to leave; to retire
- godan verb, intransitive verbto back down; to give up
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 引き下がる(ひきさがる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 引き下がります(ひきさがります) |
| Negative (nai) | 引き下がらない(ひきさがらない) |
| polite (masen) | 引き下がりません(ひきさがりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 引き下がらず・引き下がらぬ(ひきさがらず・ひきさがらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 引き下がった(ひきさがった) |
| polite (mashita) | 引き下がりました(ひきさがりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 引き下がらなかった(ひきさがらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 引き下がりませんでした(ひきさがりませんでした) |
| Te form | 引き下がって(ひきさがって) |
| Potential | 引き下がれる(ひきさがれる) |
| Passive | 引き下がられる(ひきさがられる) |
| Causative | 引き下がらせる(ひきさがらせる) |
| Causative passive | 引き下がらせられる・引き下がらされる(ひきさがらせられる・ひきさがらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 引き下がれば(ひきさがれば) |
| tara | 引き下がったら(ひきさがったら) |
| Volitional | 引き下がろう(ひきさがろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 引き下がりましょう(ひきさがりましょう) |
| Imperative | 引き下がれ(ひきさがれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym退くしりぞくNeutralCovers stepping back, withdrawing and resigning from a post; broader than 「引き下がる」 and a shade more formal.
- Synonym去るさるNeutralMeans leaving a place, and also the passing of time, as in 「故郷を去る」; it carries no sense of backing down or conceding.
- Synonym退散たいさんWrittenWritten word for a crowd dispersing or fleeing; 「悪霊退散」 is a plea for evil spirits to be gone. No nuance of conceding in a negotiation.
- Synonym辞すじすWrittenWritten verb for taking one's leave or resigning, with the emphasis on departing politely.
- Synonym辞去じきょWrittenWritten term for leaving after exchanging farewells; very rare. Unlike 「引き下がる」, it implies no concession or giving up.
- Synonym辞するじするWrittenWritten verb for taking one's leave or stepping down from a post, as in 「職を辞する」.
- Related後ずさりあとずさりNeutralBacking up while facing forward — a physical movement, usually out of fear, not a concession.
- Related立ち去るたちさるNeutralVerb for walking away from the scene; the focus is on the departure itself, with no sense of yielding.
- RelatedさがるNeutralThe broadest in range: stepping back, descending, even prices falling, as in 「一歩下がる」.
- Related離れるはなれるNeutralTo part, leave or quit a post; the emphasis is on distance opening up.
- Related退去たいきょWrittenWritten word for vacating or evacuating, often legal or administrative, as in 「退去命令」.
- Related後退こうたいNeutralFalling back or declining, mostly in military or economic contexts, as in 「景気後退」.
- Related引き払うひきはらうNeutralMoving out of a residence or vacating a place; about clearing out, not conceding in a negotiation.
- Related離れ去るはなれさるWrittenWritten and uncommon: to break away and go, stressing the severing of an existing tie.
- Related後ずさるあとずさるNeutralVerb form of 「後ずさり」: stepping backwards, a purely physical movement.
- RelatedしさるWrittenArchaic word for walking backwards; hardly used today — say 「後ずさる」 instead.
- Related失せるうせるNeutralTo vanish or slip away, as in 「やる気が失せる」; the imperative 「失せろ」 is a rude insult. No nuance of backing down.
- Related拝辞はいじFormalHumble, formal word for respectfully declining or withdrawing; in everyday speech say 「辞退する」.
Use 「引き下がる」 for yielding in a negotiation and giving up what you were insisting on, as in 「黙って引き下がれない」. For physically stepping back, 「下がる」 or 「退く」 fits; for simply leaving, 「立ち去る」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


