退散|たいさんtaisan[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdispersal; breaking up
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbrunning away; fleeing
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 退散する（たいさんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 退散します（たいさんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 退散しない（たいさんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 退散しません（たいさんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 退散せず・退散せぬ（たいさんせず・たいさんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 退散した（たいさんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 退散しました（たいさんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 退散しなかった（たいさんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 退散しませんでした（たいさんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 退散して（たいさんして） |
| Potential | 退散できる（たいさんできる） |
| Passive | 退散される（たいさんされる） |
| Causative | 退散させる（たいさんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 退散させられる（たいさんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 退散すれば（たいさんすれば） |
| tara | 退散したら（たいさんしたら） |
| Volitional | 退散しよう（たいさんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 退散しましょう（たいさんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 退散しろ（たいさんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym立ち去るたちさるNeutralNeutral term for simply leaving a place, as in 「会場を立ち去る」; 「退散」 suggests a group scattering or being driven off.
- Synonym離れるはなれるNeutralThe most general word for leaving or moving away; carries no nuance of a crowd scattering in flight.
- Synonym退去たいきょWrittenWritten/formal prose for leaving or vacating a place, as in 「国外退去」「退去手続き」; focuses on leaving a home or premises, with no sense of scattering.
- Synonym去るさるWrittenWritten and rather literary word for departing, as in 「この世を去る」; elegant, with no suggestion of dispersal.
- Synonym退くしりぞくNeutralFor stepping back or leaving a post, as in 「第一線を退く」; leans toward retiring or withdrawing.
- Synonym引き下がるひきさがるNeutralFor withdrawing or backing down, as in 「黙って引き下がる」; leans toward giving up.
- Synonym抜け出すぬけだすNeutralFor slipping out or breaking free, as in 「不況から抜け出す」; getting out of a difficult situation.
- Synonym離れ去るはなれさるWrittenWritten but rare; leaving after breaking free of a tie or connection.
- Related引き払うひきはらうNeutralFor moving out of a residence, as in 「アパートを引き払う」; about vacating a home, not scattering.
- Related逃げ出すにげだすNeutralFor bursting out in flight, as in 「家から逃げ出す」; a sudden escape from a place.
- Related逃げるにげるNeutralThe most general word for running away or evading, for one person or a group; 「退散」 pictures a crowd scattering or an exorcised spirit vanishing.
- Related逃走とうそうWrittenWritten/formal prose, common in crime reporting, as in 「犯人が逃走中」.
- Related逃亡とうぼうWrittenWritten/formal prose for fleeing and going into hiding; tends to suggest staying on the run from pursuit.
- Related抜け出るぬけでるNeutralFor slipping out unnoticed; also means to stand out; leans toward quietly leaving the scene.
- Related抜けるぬけるNeutralFor slipping away or breaking free; also for things falling out; the widest range of uses.
- Related脱出だっしゅつWrittenWritten/formal prose for escaping danger or a predicament, as in 「脱出ゲーム」; getting out of a fix.
- Related退くひくNeutralFor stepping back or leaving a post, as in 「第一線を退く」; leans toward retiring or withdrawing.
- Related逃げ失せるにげうせるCasualColloquial for fleeing clean away, stressing vanishing from sight.
- Related逃げ走るにげはしるNeutralFor running away at speed, stressing the act of running; rare.
- Related遁走とんそうWrittenWritten/formal prose for fleeing, with a military or old-fashioned air; close to 「逃走」.
- RelatedずらかるCasualColloquial slang for slipping away, as in 「さっさとずらかる」; sneaking off.
- Related逃げ去るにげさるWrittenWritten/formal prose for taking flight and vanishing without a trace.
- Antonym集結しゅうけつWrittenAntonym. Written/formal prose for massing or rallying; the opposite of the scattering of 「退散」.
- Antonym集合しゅうごうNeutralAntonym: gathering or assembling, the opposite of dispersing.
Use 「退散」 for a crowd scattering and drifting off, or an evil spirit being driven away, as in 「悪霊退散」; colloquially it can mean heading off, as in 「そろそろ退散しよう」. For simply leaving, say 「立ち去る」; for fleeing, 「逃げる」 is the everyday choice. The written nouns 「逃走」「逃亡」「脱出」 and the antonyms 「集合」「集結」 cover their own niches.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
