準拠・准拠|じゅんきょjunkyo[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Which spelling to use
準拠準拠 is the more common form and is the usual choice when writing about following rules, guidelines, standards, or regulations.
准拠准拠 is rarely used. It has the same meaning as 準拠, but learners will seldom encounter it compared with 準拠.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbbeing based on; following (a rule, guidelines, etc.); conforming to (standards, regulations, etc.); complying with
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 準拠する（じゅんきょする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 準拠します（じゅんきょします） |
| Negative (nai) | 準拠しない（じゅんきょしない） |
| polite (masen) | 準拠しません（じゅんきょしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 準拠せず・準拠せぬ（じゅんきょせず・じゅんきょせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 準拠した（じゅんきょした） |
| polite (mashita) | 準拠しました（じゅんきょしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 準拠しなかった（じゅんきょしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 準拠しませんでした（じゅんきょしませんでした） |
| Te form | 準拠して（じゅんきょして） |
| Potential | 準拠できる（じゅんきょできる） |
| Passive | 準拠される（じゅんきょされる） |
| Causative | 準拠させる（じゅんきょさせる） |
| Causative passive | 準拠させられる（じゅんきょさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 準拠すれば（じゅんきょすれば） |
| tara | 準拠したら（じゅんきょしたら） |
| Volitional | 準拠しよう（じゅんきょしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 準拠しましょう（じゅんきょしましょう） |
| Imperative | 準拠しろ（じゅんきょしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym準じるじゅんじるWrittenWritten/formal prose; usually 「〜に準じる」, following a rule or standard, with the emphasis on treating something the same way as the model it is measured against.
- Synonym準ずるじゅんずるWrittenWritten/formal prose; an alternative form of 「準じる」 with the same usage, but more literary.
- Synonym従うしたがうNeutralNeutral and the everyday default; broader and more colloquial than 「準拠」 — you follow people, orders, customs, even rivers, not just standards.
- Synonym則るのっとるWrittenWritten/formal prose; usually 「〜に則って」, following precedents and established conventions rather than citing a technical standard.
- RelatedならうNeutralNeutral; to imitate or model oneself on something, taking a precedent as the example, as in 「前例に倣う」 — following an example, not a standard.
- Related踏襲とうしゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose; carrying on a previous policy or practice just as it is — continuity with the past, not conformance to a standard.
- Antonym逸脱いつだつWrittenWritten/formal prose; deviation — straying from the main line or framework, the opposite of strictly following a standard as 「準拠」 does.
- Antonym違反いはんNeutralNeutral; violating rules or laws — the direct opposite of complying with standards as 「準拠」 describes.
Use 「準拠」 when basing something on a standard, as in 「国際規格に準拠」 or 「教科書準拠」 — common in technical and textbook writing. 「準じる」 treats something as equivalent, 「則る」 follows conventions, 「従う」 is the everyday word for obeying; 「逸脱」 and 「違反」 are the opposites.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
