無垢|むくmuku[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. na-adjective, no-adjectivepure; innocent; spotless; immaculate; unspoiled
2. na-adjective, no-adjectivepure; unmixed; unadulterated
3. nounlong kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth

• Synonym純粋じゅんすいNeutralPure and unmixed, also of a pure heart; the most widely used of these words, while 「無垢」 stresses innocence untainted by the world.
• Synonym純じゅんNeutralInnocent and pure; on its own it mostly works as a prefix, as in 「純国産」.
• Synonym清いきよいNeutralClear and clean, or honest and guiltless, as in 「清い心」; a native Japanese word stressing cleanness.
• SynonymピュアNeutralLoanword for pure and fresh-faced; a trendy, lighter word than 「無垢」.
• Synonym清浄せいじょうWrittenWritten word for cleanness and purity, also freedom from worldly cares in Buddhist usage.
• Synonym純情じゅんじょうNeutralPure-hearted innocence, said above all of people in love; stresses pure feelings.
• Synonym清らかきよらかNeutralClear and pure, as in 「清らかな水」; carries a sense of beauty.
• Synonym純真じゅんしんNeutralNaive, unspoiled innocence, as in 「純真な子供」; stresses naivety.
• Synonym純正じゅんせいNeutralGenuine and authentic, as in 「純正部品」 (first-party parts); stresses being the real thing.
• Synonym清純せいじゅんNeutralFresh-faced purity, said chiefly of a young girl's image; stresses sexual innocence.
• Synonym純潔じゅんけつNeutralPurity and chastity, especially never touched sexually; stresses chastity itself, where 「無垢」 is broader innocence.
• Synonym無雑むざつWrittenWritten and fairly rare: pure with nothing mixed in, stressing a single uncompounded ingredient.
• Synonym純一じゅんいつWrittenWritten and fairly rare: unmixed and pure, also unadorned.
• Related純白じゅんぱくNeutralPure white, also figuratively guiltless; about colour, where 「無垢」 is about the heart.
• Related清澄せいちょうWrittenWritten word for clear, limpid serenity, said of air and water, not of an innocent heart.
• Antonym汚染おせんNeutralAntonym: pollution or contamination; the opposite of 「無垢」 as purity.
• Antonym邪悪じゃあくNeutralAntonym: wickedness, evil; the opposite of 「無垢」 as innocence.
• Antonym不純ふじゅんNeutralAntonym: impure, with impure motives; the opposite of 「無垢」.

Use 「無垢」 for an untainted, innocent heart or for solid, unjointed wood, as in 「純真無垢」, 「無垢材」, 「白無垢」. For pure in the sense of unmixed, say 「純粋」; for pure-hearted naivety, 「純真」. 「純潔」 and 「清純」 stress sexual innocence, 「純白」 is about colour, and 「清澄」 describes clear air or water. The antonyms are 「邪悪」 and 「不純」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 心身しんしんの汚よごれていないこと。純真じゅんしん無垢むく。
2. うぶなこと。
3. 混じり物まじりものの無ないこと。