無精・不精|ぶしょうbushou[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Which spelling to use
無精無精 is the more common written form of this word and is the form beginners should use when writing it.
不精不精 is a less common written variant of 無精. Beginners should generally choose 無精 instead when writing this word.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, na-adjectiveindolence; laziness; sloth
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 無精する（ぶしょうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 無精します（ぶしょうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 無精しない（ぶしょうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 無精しません（ぶしょうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 無精せず・無精せぬ（ぶしょうせず・ぶしょうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 無精した（ぶしょうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 無精しました（ぶしょうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 無精しなかった（ぶしょうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 無精しませんでした（ぶしょうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 無精して（ぶしょうして） |
| Potential | 無精できる（ぶしょうできる） |
| Passive | 無精される（ぶしょうされる） |
| Causative | 無精させる（ぶしょうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 無精させられる（ぶしょうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 無精すれば（ぶしょうすれば） |
| tara | 無精したら（ぶしょうしたら） |
| Volitional | 無精しよう（ぶしょうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 無精しましょう（ぶしょうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 無精しろ（ぶしょうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym怠惰たいだWrittenWritten/formal term for laziness and slackness, often used to comment on a person's way of living.
- Synonym横着おうちゃくNeutralShirking work or cutting corners, often with a brazen, high-handed nuance, as in 「横着な態度」.
- SynonymものぐさCasualColloquial word for a temperament of avoiding anything that feels like a bother; also names such a person. More colloquial than 「無精」.
- SynonymぐうたらCasualColloquial for a lazy, good-for-nothing person or their ways; more strongly derogatory than 「無精」.
- Synonym懶惰らんだWrittenWritten/formal term for idling away time doing nothing; stiffer than 「無精」 and rare in everyday speech.
- Synonym遊惰ゆうだWrittenWritten, archaic term for laziness given over to play; stresses overindulgence in amusement.
- Synonym懈怠けたいWrittenWritten/formal term for slacking on one's duties, common in legal and Buddhist contexts; in daily speech 「怠ける」 or 「怠慢」 is usual.
- Synonym緩怠かんたいWrittenWritten/formal term for laxness in doing what one should; found mainly in old official documents, seldom used today.
- Synonym骨惜しみほねおしみNeutralBegrudging one's own effort, shirking while working; unlike 「無精」 it does not cover neglect of one's appearance.
- Synonym惰気だきWrittenWritten/formal term for a lazy, slack mood or atmosphere, as in 「惰気満々」.
- Synonym怠け癖なまけぐせNeutralLaziness as an ingrained habit; stresses the habitual side, while 「無精」 describes the disposition itself.
- Relatedもの臭いものぐさいCasualColloquial adjective for finding a task too much bother to do; can also describe a person too lazy to get moving.
- Related休怠きゅうたいWrittenWritten/formal term for taking it easy and slacking off; extremely rare.
- Related惰眠だみんWrittenSleeping in out of laziness, by extension idling one's time away; usually in 「惰眠を貪る」.
- Antonym勤勉きんべんNeutralAntonym: diligence and hard work; often used in assessing a person's character.
- Antonym精が出るせいがでるNeutralAntonym: to work with real energy; often heard as the greeting 「精が出ますね」.
Everyday laziness is 「無精」 (also 「面倒くさがり」); colloquially 「ものぐさ」 or 「ぐうたら」, the latter harsher than 「無精」. Written commentary on a person's way of life takes 「怠惰」; shirking with a brazen edge is 「横着」. 「骨惜しみ」 is shirking on a task, 「怠け癖」 a settled habit, 「もの臭い」 finding things a bother; the other written compounds are rare or specialized, and the antonyms 「勤勉」 and 「精が出る」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
