疾病|しっぺいshippei[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounillness; disease

• Synonym病気びょうきNeutralThe everyday word for being ill and the most common choice in speech; 「疾病」 is the formal term of medicine, law and statistics.
• Synonym疾患しっかんWrittenA medical term for disease, as in 「心疾患」「精神疾患」; clinical in flavour, while 「疾病」 appears mostly in official papers and statistics.
• Synonym病やまいWrittenAn archaic word read 「いたずき」 for pain, toil and illness; almost never used today, whereas 「疾病」 is the modern formal term.
• Synonym病魔びょうまNeutralPictures disease as a demon that strikes people down, typically in 「病魔と闘う」; literary in colour, unlike the plain official 「疾病」.
• Synonym病患びょうかんWrittenA written word for sickness and disease, yet rare even in prose; one normally says 「疾病」 or 「病気」.
• Related病態びょうたいWrittenA pathological state of the body, used figuratively too for a sick state of society; a term of medicine and commentary, not everyday speech.
• Related病びょうWrittenAn archaic word read 「いたずき」 for pain, toil and illness; almost never used today, whereas 「疾病」 is the modern formal term.
• Antonym健康けんこうNeutralHealth — the state of body and mind being sound; the direct opposite of 「疾病」.

For disease in medicine, insurance and official documents use 「疾病」, as in 「疾病予防」. In daily speech say 「病気」, in clinical medicine 「疾患」, and in literary writing on fighting disease 「病魔」. The opposite is 「健康」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 病気びょうきの漢語かんご表現ひょうげん、公的こうてき文書ぶんしょに多おおく用もちいられ、「病気びょうき」が内因性ないいんせいのものをイメージさせるのに対たいして、外傷がいしょう等とうも含ふくんだ身体上しんたいじょうの不全ふぜん全般ぜんぱんをいう。