痛い・甚い|いたいitai[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- i-adjectivepainful; sore噛むと痛いですか。↗Does it hurt when you chew?
- i-adjectivecringy; embarrassing
Conjugation
| Plain form | 痛い(いたい) |
|---|---|
| Polite (desu) | 痛いです(いたいです) |
| Negative (kunai) | 痛くない(いたくない) |
| polite (ku arimasen) | 痛くありません(いたくありません) |
| Past (katta) | 痛かった(いたかった) |
| Past negative (kunakatta) | 痛くなかった(いたくなかった) |
| Te form (kute) | 痛くて(いたくて) |
| Adverbial (ku) | 痛く(いたく) |
| Conditional (kereba) | 痛ければ(いたければ) |
| kattara | 痛かったら(いたかったら) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Related苦しいくるしいNeutralRefers to struggling to breathe, mental or physical suffering, or hardship; it emphasizes the anguish of enduring, while 「痛い」 usually means pain in a body part.
- Related切ないせつないNeutralDescribes heartache or sorrow that grips the heart, as in 「切ない恋」; the pain is emotional, whereas 「痛い」 usually refers to physical pain.
- Related不快ふかいWrittenWritten/formal prose for a vague sense of displeasure or feeling unwell; for actual pain or a painful loss, use 「痛い」.
- Related不愉快ふゆかいNeutralRefers to feeling displeased or put out — purely emotional, with no link to pain; 「痛い」 usually describes physical pain.
「痛い」 is the default word for pain; it also covers painful losses and cringy, embarrassing moments. Use 「苦しい」 for anguish or hardship, 「切ない」 for heartache, and 「不愉快」 for emotional displeasure.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


