着々・着着|ちゃくちゃくchakuchaku[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N2approx.Common
Which spelling to use
着々着々 is the most common written form of this word and the form beginners should normally use.
着着着着 is a less common kanji-only variant of the same word; recognize it, but choose 着々 when writing as a beginner.
Definitions
  1. adverb (with と)steadily
    仕事しごとは着々ちゃくちゃくと進すすんでいる。↗
    The work is progressing steadily.
Synonyms & antonyms
  • SynonymコツコツCasualColloquial mimetic word for plugging away at something bit by bit; it highlights a person's diligent attitude, while 「着々」 highlights things progressing smoothly.
  • Related徐々にじょじょにNeutralNeutral adverb meaning gradually or slowly; it stresses that change is slow and does not carry the nuance of smooth, sure progress that 「着々」 has.
  • Antonym遅々ちちWrittenWritten/formal word for slow progress, mostly in 「遅々として進まない」; the direct opposite of 「着々」.
  • Antonym停滞ていたいWrittenWritten/formal noun for stagnation, as in 「景気の停滞」; it contrasts with steady, step-by-step progress.

Use 「着々」 when something advances steadily, step by step, as in 「準備が着々と進む」. Pick 「コツコツ」 for diligent personal effort, 「徐々に」 for gradual change, and 「遅々」 or 「停滞」 when progress is slow or stalled.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 物事ものごとが順序じゅんじょよく確実かくじつにはかどるさま。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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