禁じる|きんじるkinjiru[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto forbid; to ban; to prohibit
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto suppress (a feeling, laughter, etc.); to hold back (e.g. tears)usu. as 禁じ得ない
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 禁じる（きんじる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 禁じます（きんじます） |
| Negative (nai) | 禁じない（きんじない） |
| polite (masen) | 禁じません（きんじません） |
| classical zu / nu | 禁じず・禁じぬ（きんじず・きんじぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 禁じた（きんじた） |
| polite (mashita) | 禁じました（きんじました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 禁じなかった（きんじなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 禁じませんでした（きんじませんでした） |
| Te form | 禁じて（きんじて） |
| Potential | 禁じられる（きんじられる） |
| Passive | 禁じられる（きんじられる） |
| Causative | 禁じさせる（きんじさせる） |
| Causative passive | 禁じさせられる（きんじさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 禁じれば（きんじれば） |
| tara | 禁じたら（きんじたら） |
| Volitional | 禁じよう（きんじよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 禁じましょう（きんじましょう） |
| Imperative | 禁じろ（きんじろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym禁止きんしNeutralA noun and the most general word for prohibition (「駐車禁止」). 「禁じる」 is a verb, leans written, and can also mean suppressing a feeling (「涙を禁じ得ない」).
- Synonym禁ずるきんずるWrittenA written-style alternative form of 「禁じる」 (「私語を禁ずる」), seen mostly in notices and legal provisions.
- Synonym禁制きんせいNeutralA noun for a ban or prohibition (「女人禁制」), used mostly for traditional or religious restrictions.
- Synonym禁断きんだんNeutralA noun for outright prohibition. 「禁断症状」 means withdrawal symptoms, and 「禁断の恋」 carries a forbidden-attraction nuance; 「禁じる」 is the verb, for ordering a ban.
- Related防止ぼうしNeutralA noun for prevention (「事故防止」); the emphasis is on averting something before it happens, not banning it.
- Related阻止そしNeutralA noun for stopping something (「侵入を阻止する」); the focus is on blocking it so it never happens.
- Related阻むはばむNeutralMeans to block or stand in the way of (「行く手を阻む」); leans written.
- Related封じるふうじるNeutralMeans to seal shut or block off (「動きを封じる」) rather than to forbid.
- Related防ぐふせぐNeutralMeans to guard against or prevent (「感染を防ぐ」); the word for prevention, not prohibition.
- Related妨げるさまたげるNeutralMeans to hinder or obstruct (「睡眠を妨げる」), getting in the way of something rather than banning it.
- Related押しとどめるおしとどめるNeutralMeans to stop or hold someone back physically (「喧嘩を押しとどめる」); it can also refer to holding back an emotion.
- Related差し止めるさしとめるNeutralMeans to order something halted (「出版を差し止める」); used mostly in court contexts.
- Related禁戒きんかいWrittenWritten language for religious prohibitions, taboos, or commandments; mostly religious contexts.
- Antonym許すゆるすNeutralMeans to permit or allow — the direct opposite of 「禁じる」.
- Antonym許可するNeutralMeans to grant permission or authorize — the opposite of 「禁じる」.
Use 「禁じる」 to order a ban or to hold back a feeling (「喫煙を禁じる」「驚きを禁じ得ない」); it leans written. For everyday bans say 「禁止する」, for court-ordered halts 「差し止める」, and for prevention 「防ぐ」. The opposite is 「許す」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
