妨げる|さまたげるsamatageru[4]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 妨げる（さまたげる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 妨げます（さまたげます） |
| Negative (nai) | 妨げない（さまたげない） |
| polite (masen) | 妨げません（さまたげません） |
| classical zu / nu | 妨げず・妨げぬ（さまたげず・さまたげぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 妨げた（さまたげた） |
| polite (mashita) | 妨げました（さまたげました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 妨げなかった（さまたげなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 妨げませんでした（さまたげませんでした） |
| Te form | 妨げて（さまたげて） |
| Potential | 妨げられる（さまたげられる） |
| Passive | 妨げられる（さまたげられる） |
| Causative | 妨げさせる（さまたげさせる） |
| Causative passive | 妨げさせられる（さまたげさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 妨げれば（さまたげれば） |
| tara | 妨げたら（さまたげたら） |
| Volitional | 妨げよう（さまたげよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 妨げましょう（さまたげましょう） |
| Imperative | 妨げろ（さまたげろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym阻害そがいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Obstructs development or growth, as in 「成長を阻害する」; 「妨げる」 is broader in scope.
- Synonym妨害ぼうがいNeutralRefers to deliberate interference or sabotage, as in 「営業妨害」; 「妨げる」 does not necessarily imply intent.
- Synonym阻むはばむWrittenWritten/formal prose. Blocks someone's advance or keeps them from achieving a goal, as in 「行く手を阻む」; 「妨げる」 is broader.
- Synonym阻止そしNeutralStops an action from happening, as in 「侵入を阻止」; 「妨げる」 focuses on hindering something's progress.
- Synonym遮るさえぎるNeutralBlocks light or a view, or interrupts someone's speech; 「妨げる」 focuses on hindering progress.
- Synonym差し支えるさしつかえるNeutralCauses hindrance or inconvenience; often seen in 「差し支えない」, which means it is no problem.
- Synonym障るさわるNeutralHarms the body or health, as in 「体に障る」; 「妨げる」 focuses on hindering progress.
- Synonym立ちはだかるたちはだかるNeutralBlocks the way with legs spread, and figuratively describes difficulties standing in one's path; 「妨げる」 is broader.
- Related邪魔じゃまNeutralColloquial noun for being in the way or causing a disturbance, as in 「邪魔だ」; 「妨げる」 is a verb and leans toward written use.
- Related拒むこばむNeutralRefuses a request or demand, and can also bar entry; 「妨げる」 focuses on hindering progress.
- Related割り込むわりこむNeutralCuts into a line or conversation, as in 「列に割り込む」; 「妨げる」 means to hinder.
- Related邪魔立てじゃまだてNeutralDeliberate obstruction with a negative connotation; 「妨げる」 does not necessarily imply intent.
- Related押しとどめるおしとどめるNeutralHolds someone back or restrains them, as in 「群衆を押しとどめる」; 「妨げる」 is broader.
- Related差し障るさしさわるWrittenWritten/formal prose. Adversely affects something or causes inconvenience; 「妨げる」 focuses on hindering progress.
- Relatedお邪魔おじゃまNeutralPolite expression used mostly when visiting, as in 「お邪魔します」; 「妨げる」 simply means to hinder.
- Related立ちふさがるたちふさがるNeutralStands in the way and blocks someone's path; 「妨げる」 is broader.
- Related差し止めるさしとめるWrittenWritten/formal prose. Bans or halts something by order, as in 「出版差し止め」; 「妨げる」 is broader.
- Antonym助けるたすけるNeutralAntonym on the hinder–help axis: means to help or assist.
- Antonym促進そくしんNeutralAntonym on the obstruct–promote axis: means to promote or accelerate.
- Antonym支援しえんNeutralAntonym on the obstruct–support axis: means to support or back.
Default to 「妨げる」 when something hinders or slows progress; it does not imply intent. For deliberate interference use 「妨害」, and for the colloquial sense of being in the way, 「邪魔」. In formal prose 「阻む」 blocks someone's advance and 「阻害」 obstructs growth, while 「阻止」 stops an action from happening. The opposites are 「助ける」, 「促進」 and 「支援」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
