自制|じせいjisei[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbself-control; self-restraint君は自制しなければならない。↗You must control yourself.
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 自制する(じせいする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 自制します(じせいします) |
| Negative (nai) | 自制しない(じせいしない) |
| polite (masen) | 自制しません(じせいしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 自制せず・自制せぬ(じせいせず・じせいせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 自制した(じせいした) |
| polite (mashita) | 自制しました(じせいしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 自制しなかった(じせいしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 自制しませんでした(じせいしませんでした) |
| Te form | 自制して(じせいして) |
| Potential | 自制できる(じせいできる) |
| Passive | 自制される(じせいされる) |
| Causative | 自制させる(じせいさせる) |
| Causative passive | 自制させられる(じせいさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 自制すれば(じせいすれば) |
| tara | 自制したら(じせいしたら) |
| Volitional | 自制しよう(じせいしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 自制しましょう(じせいしましょう) |
| Imperative | 自制しろ(じせいしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym慎みつつしみNeutralNeutral word for prudence and moderation; stresses decorous, well-measured speech and conduct. A native Japanese word, unlike Sino-Japanese 「自制」.
- Synonym自粛じしゅくNeutralVoluntarily holding back or suspending activities, often in public or social settings, as in 「外出自粛」; 「自制」 is inner control of emotion.
- Synonym我慢がまんNeutralEveryday word for enduring pain or holding back desires by toughing it out; the most common choice in daily speech.
- Synonym克己こっきWrittenWritten word for curbing selfish desires, with a self-cultivation flavor, as in 「克己心」; 「自制」 is about controlling emotions and impulses in the moment.
- Related自己抑制じこよくせいWrittenWritten, expository term for self-suppression; leans psychological. Found in formal prose rather than everyday talk like 「自制」.
- Antonym放縦ほうじゅうWrittenWritten word for self-indulgence without discipline or restraint; the direct opposite of 「自制」.
Use 「自制」 for controlling your own emotions and impulses, as in 「自制心」 and 「自制がきかない」. For written self-cultivation contexts pick 「克己」; for everyday holding back, 「我慢」; for voluntary social restraint, 「自粛」. 「放縦」 is its opposite.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


