自制|じせいjisei[0]heiban (flat)

Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbself-control; self-restraint
    君きみは自制じせいしなければならない。↗
    You must control yourself.
Conjugation
Dictionary form自制する(じせいする)
Polite (masu)自制します(じせいします)
Negative (nai)自制しない(じせいしない)
polite (masen)自制しません(じせいしません)
classical zu / nu自制せず・自制せぬ(じせいせず・じせいせぬ)
Past (ta)自制した(じせいした)
polite (mashita)自制しました(じせいしました)
Past negative (nakatta)自制しなかった(じせいしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)自制しませんでした(じせいしませんでした)
Te form自制して(じせいして)
Potential自制できる(じせいできる)
Passive自制される(じせいされる)
Causative自制させる(じせいさせる)
Causative passive自制させられる(じせいさせられる)
Conditional (ba)自制すれば(じせいすれば)
tara自制したら(じせいしたら)
Volitional自制しよう(じせいしよう)
polite (mashou)自制しましょう(じせいしましょう)
Imperative自制しろ(じせいしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym慎みつつしみNeutralNeutral word for prudence and moderation; stresses decorous, well-measured speech and conduct. A native Japanese word, unlike Sino-Japanese 「自制」.
  • Synonym自粛じしゅくNeutralVoluntarily holding back or suspending activities, often in public or social settings, as in 「外出自粛」; 「自制」 is inner control of emotion.
  • Synonym我慢がまんNeutralEveryday word for enduring pain or holding back desires by toughing it out; the most common choice in daily speech.
  • Synonym克己こっきWrittenWritten word for curbing selfish desires, with a self-cultivation flavor, as in 「克己心」; 「自制」 is about controlling emotions and impulses in the moment.
  • Related自己抑制じこよくせいWrittenWritten, expository term for self-suppression; leans psychological. Found in formal prose rather than everyday talk like 「自制」.
  • Antonym放縦ほうじゅうWrittenWritten word for self-indulgence without discipline or restraint; the direct opposite of 「自制」.

Use 「自制」 for controlling your own emotions and impulses, as in 「自制心」 and 「自制がきかない」. For written self-cultivation contexts pick 「克己」; for everyday holding back, 「我慢」; for voluntary social restraint, 「自粛」. 「放縦」 is its opposite.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 自分じぶんの感情かんじょうや欲望よくぼうを自身じしんで抑制よくせいすること。我慢がまんすること。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

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