自粛|じしゅくjishuku[0]heiban (flat)

Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, transitive verbself-restraint; voluntary restraint; self-imposed control; self-discipline
    彼かれは自粛じしゅくの波なみに乗のらなかった。↗
    He refused to exercise self-restraint.
Conjugation
Dictionary form自粛する(じしゅくする)
Polite (masu)自粛します(じしゅくします)
Negative (nai)自粛しない(じしゅくしない)
polite (masen)自粛しません(じしゅくしません)
classical zu / nu自粛せず・自粛せぬ(じしゅくせず・じしゅくせぬ)
Past (ta)自粛した(じしゅくした)
polite (mashita)自粛しました(じしゅくしました)
Past negative (nakatta)自粛しなかった(じしゅくしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)自粛しませんでした(じしゅくしませんでした)
Te form自粛して(じしゅくして)
Potential自粛できる(じしゅくできる)
Passive自粛される(じしゅくされる)
Causative自粛させる(じしゅくさせる)
Causative passive自粛させられる(じしゅくさせられる)
Conditional (ba)自粛すれば(じしゅくすれば)
tara自粛したら(じしゅくしたら)
Volitional自粛しよう(じしゅくしよう)
polite (mashou)自粛しましょう(じしゅくしましょう)
Imperative自粛しろ(じしゅくしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym慎みつつしみWrittenWritten/formal prose. Discreet, decorous speech and conduct, as in 「慎みがない」; about one's bearing, while 「自粛」 is about voluntarily stopping an activity.
  • Synonym自制じせいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Controlling your emotions and desires, as in 「自制心」; 「自粛」 is about holding back on activities out of regard for society.
  • Related我慢がまんNeutralNeutral. Enduring or putting up with something, as in 「我慢する」; about bearing hardship, with no sense of socially motivated self-restraint.
  • Related克己こっきWrittenWritten/formal prose. Overcoming your own desires, as in 「克己心」; personal self-discipline, while 「自粛」 is about voluntarily stopping activities for society's sake.
  • Related自己抑制じこよくせいWrittenWritten/formal prose. Self-restraint; leans psychological usage, not the social sense of 「自粛」.
  • Related自己制御WrittenWritten/formal prose. Self-control in psychology, engineering and similar technical fields; 「自粛」 is about voluntarily stopping activities for society's sake.
  • Antonym放縦ほうじゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose. Self-indulgence, living without discipline or restraint; the direct opposite of 「自粛」.

For voluntarily stopping or cutting back on activities out of regard for society or public opinion, use 「自粛」: 「外出自粛」「放送自粛」「自粛ムード」. To endure, say 「我慢」; to hold back emotions, 「自制」; the opposite is 「放縦」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 自みずから進すすんで慎つつしむこと。意識いしきしてあることをしないようにすること。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents

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