謝る|あやまるayamaru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- godan verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbto apologize (apologise)私は彼女に謝らなければならない。↗I must make an apology to her.
- godan verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbto refuse; to decline
- godan verb, intransitive verbto be unable to bear; to be defeated (by); to be at a loss; to be stumped (by)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 謝る(あやまる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 謝ります(あやまります) |
| Negative (nai) | 謝らない(あやまらない) |
| polite (masen) | 謝りません(あやまりません) |
| classical zu / nu | 謝らず・謝らぬ(あやまらず・あやまらぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 謝った(あやまった) |
| polite (mashita) | 謝りました(あやまりました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 謝らなかった(あやまらなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 謝りませんでした(あやまりませんでした) |
| Te form | 謝って(あやまって) |
| Potential | 謝れる(あやまれる) |
| Passive | 謝られる(あやまられる) |
| Causative | 謝らせる(あやまらせる) |
| Causative passive | 謝らせられる・謝らされる(あやまらせられる・あやまらされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 謝れば(あやまれば) |
| tara | 謝ったら(あやまったら) |
| Volitional | 謝ろう(あやまろう) |
| polite (mashou) | 謝りましょう(あやまりましょう) |
| Imperative | 謝れ(あやまれ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym詫びるわびるNeutralThe same word as above: 「詫びる」 likewise means to apologize, a touch more refined and formal than 「謝る」.
- Synonym陳謝ちんしゃFormalFormal term for apologizing while stating the reasons, as in 「陳謝の意を表す」.
- Synonym詫び入るわびいるNeutralTo apologize wholeheartedly, as in 「平身低頭して詫び入る」; a deeper, weightier apology than 「謝る」.
- Related謝罪しゃざいWrittenWritten/formal prose for formally admitting a fault and apologizing, as in 「謝罪会見」; usable both publicly and privately.
Default to 「謝る」. For a slightly more refined apology use 「詫びる」, a deep heartfelt one 「詫び入る」, a formal admission of fault 「謝罪」 (written style, public or private), and 「陳謝」 to apologize while stating reasons in formal contexts.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


