転回|てんかいtenkai[0]heiban (flat)

1. noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbrevolution; rotation
2. noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbturn; turning; U-turn
3. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbhandspring (gymnastics)
4. noun, suru verb, intransitive verb, musicinversion

• Synonym回転かいてんNeutralThe most general word for spinning or rotation, as in 「車輪が回転する」; 「転回」 instead stresses a major change of direction or situation.
• Synonym旋回せんかいNeutralCircling or wheeling, as in 「飛行機が旋回する」, including an aircraft or ship turning; used mainly for aircraft and birds, not for a turn of events.
• SynonymスピンNeutralLoanword for spin, as in 「スピンをかける」; used mainly in sports and physics, not for turns of direction or events.
• SynonymターンNeutralLoanword for turning or turning back, as in 「Uターン」; common in everyday speech where 「転回」 sounds formal.
• Synonym回旋かいせんWrittenA written word for circling or spiraling motion, also for plant stems twining up a support; 「転回」 focuses on changing direction.
• Synonym旋転せんてんWrittenA written-style word for whirling or rotation; rare in actual use — say 「回転」 instead.
• Synonym回転運動かいてんうんどうNeutralA physics term for rotational motion of a body around an axis; describes the motion itself, not a turn or shift of direction.
• RelatedローリングNeutralLoanword for the rolling of a ship, as in 「船のローリング」; covers side-to-side rocking, not a change of direction.
• RelatedめぐるNeutralNative verb for going around or encircling, as in 「名所を巡る」; also seasons coming round, blood flow, or issues at stake; 「転回」 is about turning direction.
• Related回りまわりNeutralNoun covering surroundings or making the rounds, as in 「身の回り」; a broad everyday word, not tied to turning or U-turns.
• Related一周いっしゅうNeutralOne complete circuit or lap, as in 「世界一周」; counts a full round, while 「転回」 is the act of turning itself.
• Related周回しゅうかいNeutralGoing around or circling, as in 「トラックを周回する」; used for laps on a track or orbits, not for changing direction.
• Related輪転りんてんNeutralWheel-like rotation, as in 「輪転機」 (rotary press); used mainly for printing machines, not for turns of direction.
• Related巡りめぐりNeutralTouring or making a pilgrimage, as in 「寺巡り」; stresses visiting places one after another, not turning around.
• Antonym直進ちょくしんNeutralGoing straight ahead, as in 「交差点を直進する」; the direct opposite of 「転回」 as in making a U-turn.

Use 「転回」 for a vehicle turning around or a dramatic turn of events, as in 「転回禁止」 or 「百八十度の転回」; it leans formal. For objects spinning, say 「回転」; for aircraft circling, 「旋回」; in casual speech a U-turn is 「Uターン」. The opposite of turning is 「直進」, going straight.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. ぐるりと回まわすこと。回まわること。回転かいてん。
2. 方向ほうこうを変かえること。方向ほうこうが変かわること。
3. 方針ほうしんや考え方かんがえかたなどを大おおきく変かえること。大おおきく変かわること。
4. とんぼ返がえり。でんぐり返がえし。
5. 音程おんてい、和音わおん、旋律せんりつにおいて、音おとの上下じょうげ関係かんけいを逆ぎゃくにすること。