閲覧|えつらんetsuran[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbinspection; reading; perusal
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbbrowsing (the web)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 閲覧する（えつらんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 閲覧します（えつらんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 閲覧しない（えつらんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 閲覧しません（えつらんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 閲覧せず・閲覧せぬ（えつらんせず・えつらんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 閲覧した（えつらんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 閲覧しました（えつらんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 閲覧しなかった（えつらんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 閲覧しませんでした（えつらんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 閲覧して（えつらんして） |
| Potential | 閲覧できる（えつらんできる） |
| Passive | 閲覧される（えつらんされる） |
| Causative | 閲覧させる（えつらんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 閲覧させられる（えつらんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 閲覧すれば（えつらんすれば） |
| tara | 閲覧したら（えつらんしたら） |
| Volitional | 閲覧しよう（えつらんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 閲覧しましょう（えつらんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 閲覧しろ（えつらんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym閲読えつどくWrittenRare written word for reading documents or books through carefully; 「閲覧」 usually means looking up or browsing materials in a library or on a website.
- Synonym披見ひけんWrittenRare written word for opening a document and looking it over to check its contents; in everyday speech use 「目を通す」 or 「閲覧」.
- Related読書どくしょNeutralReading books — takes books as its object and implies reading them fairly completely; 「閲覧」 is mostly for consulting materials or documents and browsing web pages.
- Related読みよみNeutralReading or the way something is read, and also judgment about a situation; 「閲覧」 refers specifically to viewing or consulting books, documents, or web pages.
- Related読むよむNeutralThe basic verb 'to read', also used for predicting or seeing through things; 「閲覧」 leans toward consulting or browsing materials at a particular place or online.
- Related拝見はいけんFormalHumble counterpart of 「見る」, as in 「資料を拝見します」; 「閲覧」 is neutral and expresses no respect.
- RelatedリーディングNeutralLoanword that stresses reading as an activity, common in language study, e.g. English reading; it cannot be used broadly for browsing web pages.
- Related拝読はいどくFormalHumble counterpart of 「読む」 for reading someone's letter or article, as in 「お手紙拝読しました」; 「閲覧」 is neutral.
- Related書見しょけんWrittenOld-fashioned word for reading, limited to books; everyday speech uses 「読書」, while 「閲覧」 is for looking up reference materials.
- Related多読たどくNeutralReading widely and in large amounts, often in language learning; 「閲覧」 is about consulting or browsing and says nothing about how much is read.
- Related読み込むよみこむNeutralReading repeatedly and closely for deep understanding, also used for a computer loading data; 「閲覧」 is consulting or browsing, with no emphasis on deep reading.
Use 「閲覧」 for consulting materials in a library or browsing web pages. For reading books say 「読書」 or 「読む」. When reading or looking at something that belongs to someone you want to show respect to, such as a client or senior, use the humble 「拝読」 or 「拝見」; for deep, repeated reading use 「読み込む」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
