としては

JLPT N2approx.Neutral
Meaning
  1. 1For a (noun), noting that something is unusual or atypical compared with what is normal for that category.Ex. 1
  2. 2For a (noun), evaluating quality or level against what is normally expected of that category.Ex. 2
  3. 3As far as (someone) is concerned, stating a view from that person's or group's position or standpoint.Ex. 3
Examples
1
日本人にほんじんとしては珍めずらしく、寿司すしよりラーメンの方ほうが好すきです。
Unusually for a Japanese person, I like ramen more than sushi.
2
新人しんじんの作品さくひんとしては、なかなかよくできています。
For a newcomer's work, it's quite well done.
3
私としては、もう少すこし様子ようすを見みたいと思おもいます。
As far as I'm concerned, I'd like to wait and see a little longer.
Formation
Noun+としてはfor a standpoint, usually a personal pronoun or an organization name, e.g. 「私」「会社」
Noun+としてはfor a standard of judgment, a noun of status or category, e.g. 「新人」「日本人」
Usage

Neutral in register and common in speech and writing, especially for evaluations and for politely stating one's own position. It differs from として in that は adds a contrastive or topical frame. It is close to にしては, which more strongly signals surprise at a result that defies expectations, and to わりには, which weighs a result against what a degree, amount or category would lead one to expect (値段のわりには, 新人のわりには).

Watch out

Learners often use にとって to state their own opinion; say 私としては賛成です, not 私にとって賛成です.

Note that in the 'for a ~' sense the following clause is usually an evaluation of how something compares with its category's standard.

Easily confused with
  • 1.
    としてN3「として」focuses on acting in a certain role or capacity, or putting something to a certain use or under a certain name; it is followed by actions, obligations, or judgments, and does not evaluate something 'by the standards of that category.' To modify a noun, use 「としての」.
  • 2.
    にしてはN3「にしては」corresponds only to the evaluative-standard sense of 「としては」; with nouns the two are often interchangeable, but 「にしては」carries a stronger sense of surprise. It has no standpoint usage, can also take verbs and adjectives, and its second clause cannot express the speaker's volition.
  • 3.
    〜としてのN2「としての」is the attributive form of 「として」and must be followed directly by a noun, as in 「教師としての責任」; 「としては」presents a standpoint or evaluative standard and is followed by predicates like opinions or evaluations. The two are not interchangeable.
  • 4.
    からすると / からすればN2When expressing a standpoint, 「からすると」is close to 「としては」; it can also indicate the basis for an inference ('judging from...'), which 「としては」cannot. When measuring something against a category's level ('for a...'), 「としては」is more common.
  • 5.
    にとってN3「にとって」takes a second clause that evaluates the significance or value of something for a person or organization (e.g., 「大切だ」「難しい」), and cannot take opinions or attitudes; 「私としては賛成です」cannot be rewritten with it, and it has no usage of measuring by a category's standard.
  • 6.
    〜わりにはN2「わりには」is close to 「としては」only in the evaluative-standard sense, where the two are often interchangeable, but 「わりには」emphasizes a mismatch between reality and expectations. It can take verbs and adjectives, requires 「の」after nouns, and has no standpoint usage.

として simply marks a role or capacity ('as'), and としての links that role to a following noun, whereas としては frames a category standard or a standpoint; にしては and わりには focus more sharply on a gap between a result and what was expected. にとって says how something is for someone (important, difficult, etc.) rather than stating their opinion, and からすると/からすれば gives the basis or viewpoint from which a judgment is made.

Grammar · JLPT grammar levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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