How to say "clever" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 利口りこうJLPT N3approx.Common
    na-adjective, nounClever or bright in the sense of quick intelligence, typically of children or animals. It carries a slightly simple, everyday nuance, so it is less natural for sophisticated adult intellect or clever ideas.
    しかし、トニーは利口りこうな少年しょうねんではありませんでした。↗
    But Tony was not a clever boy.
  • 賢いかしこいJLPT N3approx.Common
    i-adjectiveClever or smart in the sense of good judgment and intelligence, usually of people or their choices. It also shades toward 'wise', making it the safest general word for a clever person.
    あなたは何なんと賢かしこい生徒せいとなのでしょう。↗
    What a clever student you are!
  • 巧妙こうみょうJLPT N1approx.Common
    na-adjective, nounClever in the sense of ingenious or skillfully contrived, describing plans, tricks, devices or deceptions rather than people. Use it when something has been worked out with ingenuity.
    あのピアニストは巧妙こうみょうでよく知しられている。↗
    That pianist is known for his skill.
  • うまいJLPT N4approx.Common
    i-adjectiveClever as in skillfully done or well handled, applied to expressions, tricks and other performances. Written in kana, it is the natural choice for praising how cleverly something was executed.
    彼女かのじょはテニスは上手うまいが、水泳すいえいは下手へただ。↗
    She's very good at tennis, but she's not much of a swimmer.
  • 軽妙けいみょうCommon
    na-adjective, nounClever in the sense of light, witty and deft, describing talk, writing or style rather than intellect or ingenuity. It suggests liveliness and wit, so it is not the word for clever people or clever solutions.

For people, choose 利口 or 「賢い」; for clever tricks, solutions or expressions choose 巧妙 or 「うまい」; 軽妙 fits clever, witty style, especially of talk or writing.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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