How to say "discharge" in Japanese

• 排出はいしゅつCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers discharge in the physical sense of emitting or releasing something outward, such as CO2 or other substances. Use this for industrial, environmental, or machine-related discharge of matter.
  炭素たんそ排出量はいしゅつりょうの変動へんどうが、以下いかのグラフに描えがかれている。↗

  The differing volumes of carbon emissions are plotted in the graph below.
• 放流ほうりゅうCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbRefers specifically to discharge of water, as from a dam. Choose this when the thing being discharged is a flow of water released into a river or channel.
• 解雇かいこCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbDischarge in the employment sense: dismissing or firing an employee. This is the usual word when 'discharge' means terminating someone's job, alongside dismissal and layoff.
  いきなり解雇かいこを言い渡いいわたされた。↗

  I was discharged without notice.
• 免除めんじょJLPT N1approx.Common
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers discharge in the legal or formal sense of being released or exempted from an obligation or duty. It is really 'exemption'; use it only when discharge means freeing someone from liability or responsibility.
  わたしは、彼女かのじょの残業ざんぎょうを免除めんじょしてやった。↗

  I exempted her from working overtime.
• 解任かいにんCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbDischarge in the sense of removing someone from a post or position, not from employment as such. For this meaning it is close to dismissal or removal from office; it is not the word for other senses of discharge.
  そのプロジェクトの責任者せきにんしゃであったジェイソンが、汚職おしょくに手てを染そめた理由りゆうで解任かいにんされた。↗

  Jason, who was in charge of the project, was dismissed for corruption.

Match the sense: physical emission is 排出, water released from a dam is 放流, firing an employee is 解雇, removal from a post is 解任, and legal release from an obligation is 免除.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 排出はいしゅつdischarge
• 放流ほうりゅうdischarge (e.g. of water from a dam)
• 解雇かいこdismissal (of an employee)
• 免除めんじょexemption
• 解任かいにんdismissal (from a post)
• 解職かいしょくdischarge
• 放免ほうめんrelease (from custody)
• 罷免ひめんdismissal (from a position)
• 免職めんしょくdismissal
• 発射はっしゃfiring (esp. a rocket or missile)
• 発するはっするto let out
• 放出ほうしゅつemission
• 流出りゅうしゅつoutflow
• 履行りこうperformance (of a duty)
• 垂れ流すたれながすto discharge (e.g. effluent)
• ディスチャージdischarge
• 排液はいえきdischarge (of bodily fluid)
• 排出物はいしゅつぶつdischarge
• 荷降ろしにおろしunloading (of cargo)
• 首を切るくびをきるto fire from a job
• 辞めさせるやめさせるto fire (from job)
• 免官めんかんdismissal
• 馘首かくしゅdismissal
• 排泄物はいせつぶつexcretion
• 暇を出すひまをだすto dismiss (an employee)
• 暇をやるひまをやるto dismiss (an employee)
• 放電ほうでんelectrical discharge
• 垂れ流したれながしdischarge (e.g. of contaminants)
• 下ろすおろすto drop off (a passenger)
• ごめんdismissal