How to say "idiot" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • ばかJLPT N3approx.Common
    nounThe general-purpose word for calling someone an idiot, covering both playful teasing among friends and genuine insults; when you simply want to say 'idiot,' this is the usual choice.
    こんな荒あれ模様もようの日ひに外出がいしゅつするなんて君きみは馬鹿ばかだよ。↗
    You are an idiot to go out in this weather.
  • アホCommon
    noun, na-adjectiveA colloquial word for a fool or simpleton, strongly associated with the Kansai region of western Japan, where it is often used in banter and can sound less severe than ばか.
    マルチするなアホ。↗
    Don't multi-post, idiot.
  • ぼけCommon
    nounA blunt insult meaning fool or idiot, sometimes implying that a person is slow-witted or senile; it comes across as quite harsh and is not a word for casual use.
    あんな二股ふたまたかける女おんななんか忘わすれたわ、ボケ。↗
    Idiot, I've forgotten that two-timing bitch.
  • 白痴はくちCommon
    nounA sensitive term meaning 'idiot' or 'idiocy'; it belongs to medical and historical writing, and applying it to a person is offensive rather than ordinary name-calling.
  • タコCommon
    nounA colloquial, teasing insult, literally an octopus; it is used in lighthearted banter to call someone a fool and is seldom the word for a serious accusation.

Use 「ばか」 as the all-purpose word for calling someone an idiot; 「アホ」 and 「タコ」 are colloquial, teasing alternatives, 「ぼけ」 is a harsher insult, and 白痴 is a sensitive term for the condition, not everyday name-calling.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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