How to say "impairment" in Japanese

• 減損げんそん
  noun, suru verbImpairment as a loss of value, used especially in financial accounting when an asset is written down; a less common word, not the choice for damage to health or function.
• 損減そんげん
  noun, suru verbA less common word that really means decrease or diminution — something abating, lessening, or shortening — so it is seldom the right choice for 'impairment', fitting only when the emphasis is on reduction.
• 障害しょうがいJLPT N3approx.Common
  nounImpairment of a body part or mental function: a disorder, defect, or disability, as of sight, hearing, movement, or memory. This is the common word for the medical or disability sense of 'impairment'.
  彼かれの記憶きおく喪失そうしつは物理的ぶつりてきな記憶きおく障害しょうがいというよりは心理的しんりてきな障害しょうがいである。↗

  His loss of memory is a psychological problem rather than a physical one.

Choose 障害 for impairment of body or mind (a disorder or disability); 減損 for impairment as a loss of value, chiefly in accounting; 損減 is seldom appropriate, meaning simple decrease or diminution.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 減損げんそんdecrease
• 損減そんげんdecreasing
• 不自由ふじゆうinability
• 障害しょうがいdisorder