不自由|ふじゆうfujiyuu[2]nakadaka (mid-high)
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- noun, na-adjective, suru verb, intransitive verbdiscomfort; inconvenience
- noun, na-adjective, suru verb, intransitive verbpoverty; want; destitution; lack彼らは何一つ不自由なものはなかった。↗They lacked for nothing.
- noun, na-adjectiveinability; disability; impairment (physical, mental, etc.); nonfluency (in a language)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 不自由する(ふじゆうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 不自由します(ふじゆうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 不自由しない(ふじゆうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 不自由しません(ふじゆうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 不自由せず・不自由せぬ(ふじゆうせず・ふじゆうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 不自由した(ふじゆうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 不自由しました(ふじゆうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 不自由しなかった(ふじゆうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 不自由しませんでした(ふじゆうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 不自由して(ふじゆうして) |
| Potential | 不自由できる(ふじゆうできる) |
| Passive | 不自由される(ふじゆうされる) |
| Causative | 不自由させる(ふじゆうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 不自由させられる(ふじゆうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 不自由すれば(ふじゆうすれば) |
| tara | 不自由したら(ふじゆうしたら) |
| Volitional | 不自由しよう(ふじゆうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 不自由しましょう(ふじゆうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 不自由しろ(ふじゆうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym不便ふべんNeutralInconvenience in your surroundings or with tools and facilities; 「不自由」 is about restricted movement or daily life, not an awkward environment.
- Synonym不都合ふつごうNeutralA situation that is unsuitable or problematic, or behavior that is improper; 「不自由」 means being restricted or lacking what you need.
- Related厄介やっかいNeutralTroublesome and hard to deal with, and can also mean being looked after by someone; 「不自由」 is about limited circumstances, not thorny problems.
- Related差し支えさしつかえNeutralA hindrance, mostly in set phrases like 「差し支えない」 or 「生活に差し支える」; 「不自由」 describes your own restricted state or mobility.
- Related迷惑めいわくNeutralTrouble caused to others, or bother you receive (「迷惑する」); the focus is on other people, while 「不自由」 is about your own limited circumstances.
- Related支障ししょうWrittenWritten/formal prose for something obstructing progress, as in 「生活に支障が出る」; 「不自由」 concerns the person, not the progress of affairs.
- Related差し障りさしさわりNeutralHindrance to affairs or to others, often in polite euphemisms; 「不自由」 speaks of your own restriction, not effects on others.
- Related障りさわりNeutralA hindrance or a physical ailment, as in 「障りがある」 or 「体に障る」; somewhat old-fashioned, unlike everyday 「不自由」.
- Antonym自由じゆうNeutralThe direct opposite: being unrestricted and free to do as you please, where 「不自由」 says you cannot.
Use 「不自由」 for restricted movement, daily life or a physical impairment, as in 「目が不自由」. For an inconvenient environment or tools, say 「不便」; for trouble you cause or receive from others, 「迷惑」; for something obstructing how things go, 「支障」. The rest cover specific hindrances or awkward situations rather than a restricted life.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


