How to say "inconsistency" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 矛盾むじゅんJLPT N2approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, intransitive verbThe default for logical contradiction: statements, arguments, or behaviour that cannot all be true or hold together. Use it when something flatly contradicts itself or another claim.
    それは矛盾むじゅんだらけだ。↗
    It's a bundle of contradictions.
  • 不統一ふとういつCommon
    noun, na-adjectiveCovers inconsistency understood as lack of unity: a style, policy, or system that is not kept uniform or coherent, without implying an outright logical contradiction.
  • 食い違いくいちがいCommon
    nounPoints to inconsistency as a difference or clash between two things, such as accounts or testimony that do not match. It highlights the gap or disagreement rather than the logic itself.
    2人ふたりの意見いけんには大おおきな食い違くいちがいがあった。↗
    There was a great gap between the views of the two.
  • むらCommon
    noun, na-adjectiveRefers to inconsistency as unevenness: quality, results, or performance that fluctuates and is not steady. Usually written in kana, it suits concrete variation rather than logical contradiction.
  • 抵触ていしょくCommon
    noun, suru verb, intransitive verbUsed when something conflicts with or is incompatible with a theory, claim, rule, or expectation. For that sense of inconsistency it works well, but it is not the general word for self-contradiction.
    これらのストラテジーがエメット理論りろんと抵触ていしょくするかもしれないというのが、彼かれらの仮説かせつである。↗
    Their hypothesis is that these strategies may come into conflict with Emmet's theory.

Choose 矛盾 for logical contradiction, 抵触 for conflicting with a theory or claim, 不統一 for lack of unity, 「食い違い」 for disagreements or clashes, and 「むら」 for unevenness in quality or behaviour.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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