How to say "model" in Japanese

• モデルJLPT N2approx.Common
  nounThe all-purpose loanword: a fashion or artist's model, a miniature or mock-up, or a product model. If you are unsure which word 'model' needs, this is usually it.
  彼かれは今いままでに９体たいの人型ひとがたロボットを製造せいぞうしていたが、その全すべてはデモンストレーションモデルだった。↗

  Up to now he had made nine humanoid robots but they were all demonstration models.
• 型かたJLPT N3approx.Common
  noun, noun (suffix)Its main senses are type, style, and pattern; as 'model' it suggests a pattern or form to be copied rather than a person or physical replica, so it is seldom the word you want.
  ６００―Ｊ型がたのプリンターが１９９７年ねんの５月がつ４日かまで在庫ざいこ切きれとの御お知しらせありがとうございました。↗

  Thank you for letting me know that the Model 600-J printer will not be available until May 4, 1997.
• 機種きしゅCommon
  nounRestricted to machines and devices: which model of phone, camera, or computer someone owns or buys. Not usable for people, replicas, or examples.
  性能せいのうのよさとデザインの優美ゆうびさが両々りょうりょう相あいまって本ほん機種きしゅの声価せいかを高たかめてきた。↗

  The high performance and the elegant design of this model have combined to give it a high reputation.
• 模型もけいJLPT N1approx.Common
  no-adjectiveA physical, three-dimensional model: a scale replica of a building, plane, or figure, as in hobby kits or architectural presentations — not a person, an example to imitate, or a device model.
  父ちちは私に船ふねの模型もけいを作つくってくれた。↗

  Father made me a model of a ship.
• 手本てほんJLPT N1approx.Common
  nounA model in the sense of an exemplary example set to be imitated: a teacher's demonstration of brushwork, a role model, a paragon of behavior. Not a physical replica or a device model.
  彼かれの行儀ぎょうぎをお手本てほんにしなさい。↗

  Model your manners on his.

Use 「モデル」 as the all-purpose loanword for people, products, and replicas, 機種 for a device's model, 模型 for physical scale models, 手本 for an exemplary model to imitate, and 型 mainly for type, style, or pattern.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• モデルmodel
• 型かたtype
• 機種きしゅmodel (of machine, device)
• 模型もけいmodel
• 手本てほんmodel
• 原型げんけいmodel
• 規範きはんmodel
• 型式かたしきmodel (e.g. of a vehicle)
• 典型てんけいtype
• 模範もはんexemplar
• 号ごうnumber
• 範はんexample
• 代表的だいひょうてきrepresentative
• 標準ひょうじゅんstandard
• 典型的てんけいてきtypical
• 鑑かがみmodel
• 雛形ひながたmodel
• 典範てんぱんmodel
• 儀表ぎひょう(a) model
• 師表しひょうmodel
• 儀刑ぎけいmodel
• お手本おてほんmodel
• デルモmodel
• 模式もしきscheme
• 亀鑑きかんpattern
• 儀範ぎはんprecedent
• 年型ねんがた(some year's) model
• 見本みほんmodel
• 下敷きしたじきmodel
• 師範しはんmodel
• 代表だいひょうexemplification
• 法のりmodel
• 手鑑てかがみmodel
• 模様もようmodel