模範|もはんmohan[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounexemplar; model; example; pattern
   あなたの答案とうあんを模範もはん答案とうあんと比較ひかくしなさい。↗

   Compare your paper with the model one.

• Synonym手本てほんNeutralA model or example to copy, as in 「お手本を見せる」 or 「書道の手本」; the most common word in everyday speech. Also specifically a copybook or model drawings.
• Synonym範はんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a model or exemplar, mostly in set phrases like 「範を示す」 or 「範とする」; less freely usable alone than 「模範」.
• SynonymモデルNeutralA loanword covering models, mock-ups, fashion models and more; close to 「模範」 in the sense of a model, but does not always carry the sense of being worth imitating.
• Synonym規範きはんNeutralA standard or norm to observe in society or behavior, as in 「社会規範」; stresses rules, while 「模範」 is a concrete example to follow.
• Synonym鑑かがみNeutralMostly in the pattern 「〜の鑑」 to praise a person worth emulating, as in 「教師の鑑」; also things to learn from. 「模範」 can also mean a demonstration or a model answer.
• Synonym亀鑑きかんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a paragon to learn from, as in 「武士の亀鑑」; rare and more archaic than 「鑑」. In daily use say 「模範」.
• Synonym儀刑ぎけいWrittenWritten/formal prose for a model to be emulated; extremely rare. In everyday speech always use 「模範」 or 「手本」.
• Synonym儀範ぎはんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a model or precedent to follow; extremely rare, found mainly in old-style writing. Generally say 「模範」.
• Synonym儀表ぎひょうWrittenWritten/formal prose for a model for people at large; rare, with an archaic flavor. In daily use say 「模範」 or 「手本」.
• Synonym鏡鑑きょうかんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a model to learn from; originally a metal mirror, and rare. Generally say 「手本」 or 「模範」.
• SynonymロールモデルNeutralA loanword for a specific person one emulates in life or career, common in workplace contexts. 「模範」 can also refer to conduct, answers and the like.
• Related理想りそうNeutralThe most perfect state one has in mind, as in 「理想の上司」; stresses aspiration. 「模範」 is a real-life example you can actually follow.
• Related全人ぜんじんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a complete personality with intellect, emotion and will in balance, seen in 「全人教育」; stresses all-round harmony, not a general model to follow.
• Related聖人せいじんNeutralA person of outstanding virtue and wisdom, as in 「聖人君子」; stresses lofty character, while 「模範」 only says someone is worth imitating.
• Related好例こうれいNeutralA good, apt example, as in 「好例を示す」; stresses that it illustrates a point, while 「模範」 stresses being worth imitating.
• Related師表しひょうWrittenWritten/formal prose for a teacher and model for all, as in 「万世の師表」; used mainly to praise educators and sages.
• Related理想像りそうぞうNeutralAn idealized image one pictures, as in 「理想像を描く」; stresses what is imagined. 「模範」 is a model you can actually follow.

Use 「模範」 for a model or example worth imitating. In everyday speech 「手本」 is the most common word for something to copy, and 「〜の鑑」 praises a person's character. For a life or career role model use 「ロールモデル」; for norms, 「規範」. 「範」「亀鑑」「儀刑」「儀範」「儀表」「鏡鑑」「師表」 are rare written/formal terms. 「モデル」 is broader and not always praise; 「理想」 and 「理想像」 stress what is imagined, 「聖人」 lofty character, 「全人」 balanced growth, 「好例」 an apt illustration.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 器物きぶつを作つくる際さいに使つかう型かた。
2. あることをするときに、習ならうべき範はん（のり、はん）。手本てほん。