規範・軌範|きはんkihan[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounmodel; standard; pattern; norm; criterion; example
   倫理学りんりがくというのは、行動こうどうの規範きはんを意味いみする。↗

   Ethics means the rules of conduct.

• Synonym基準きじゅんNeutralA standard or benchmark for judging and measuring things. 「規範」 instead stresses norms of conduct and judgment that people are expected to follow.
• Synonym標準ひょうじゅんNeutralA standard or the average, ordinary level, as in 「標準語」. 「規範」 stresses norms one should follow rather than what is typical.
• Synonym規格きかくNeutralSpecifications set for products and materials — shape, quality and the like. 「規範」 is broader: the norms one should follow in conduct, judgment or evaluation.
• SynonymスタンダードNeutralA loanword for standard, also classic repertoire as in 「スタンダードナンバー」. 「規範」, a Sino-Japanese word, stresses norms that ought to be followed.
• Synonym手本てほんNeutralA concrete model to imitate — an exemplar or a copybook for calligraphy. 「規範」 is an abstract norm to follow in conduct, judgment or evaluation.
• Synonym模範もはんNeutralA model or exemplar to emulate, as in 「模範解答」. 「規範」 points to the norms themselves rather than an exemplary instance.
• Synonym尺度しゃくどNeutralA measure or yardstick for evaluating things. 「規範」 is a norm of conduct one is expected to observe.
• Synonym準則じゅんそくWrittenWritten/formal prose for rules and standards, leaning toward legal and accounting usage. 「規範」 is broader in scope.
• Synonym典範てんぱんWrittenWritten/formal prose for codified laws and statutes, as in 「皇室典範」. 「規範」 is the more general term.
• Synonym規矩きくWrittenWritten/formal prose for rules and standards, literally compass and ruler; rare. 「規範」 is the ordinary word.
• Related物差しものさしNeutralLiterally a ruler; figuratively a yardstick for judging things. 「規範」 is a norm of conduct to be observed.
• Related目安めやすNeutralA rough guide or reference point for estimating. 「規範」 is a binding norm that must be observed.
• Related試金石しきんせきNeutralA touchstone for testing the worth of things or people. 「規範」 is a norm to follow, not a means of testing.
• Related範はんWrittenA model or example, mostly in set phrases like 「範を示す」. 「規範」 is the standard word for norms.
• Related基軸きじくWrittenA central pillar or core basis, as in 「基軸通貨」. 「規範」 refers to norms to be followed.
• Related縄墨じょうぼくWrittenWritten/formal prose, rare: originally an inked carpenter's line, used figuratively for rules and standards.
• Related準縄じゅんじょうWrittenWritten/formal prose, rare: rules and standards, literally a level and inked line.
• Related鑑かがみWrittenA paragon to look up to, as in 「教師の鑑」. 「規範」 denotes the norms themselves.
• Related判定基準はんていきじゅんWrittenTechnical criteria for judging whether something is good or bad. 「規範」 covers norms of conduct more broadly.
• Related亀鑑きかんWrittenWritten/formal prose, rare: a paragon or model held up as a guide.
• Related法のりWrittenAn old word for laws, rules and models. 「規範」 is the modern term for norms.
• Antonym逸脱いつだつWrittenAntonym: deviating or straying from the accepted course, as in 「規範から逸脱する」 — the opposite of observing 「規範」.
• Antonym逸軌WrittenAntonym: straying from the proper course; rare. Contrasts with observing 「規範」.

Use 「規範」 for norms of behaviour and judgment that people are expected to follow, as in 「社会規範」 and 「規範意識」. For a standard of judgment say 「基準」; for product specifications 「規格」; for a model to imitate 「手本」 or 「模範」; for a rough reference value 「目安」; for straying from the norm 「逸脱」. Most of the remaining words are literary or rare.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 判断はんだん・評価ひょうか・行為こういなどの際さいに、順したがうべき基もととなるもの。