模型|もけいmokei[0]heiban (flat)

1. no-adjectivemodel; dummy; maquette
   父ちちは私に船ふねの模型もけいを作つくってくれた。↗

   Father made me a model of a ship.

• SynonymモデルNeutralA loanword: model, but also fashion model, car type or exemplar, as in 「モデルカー」. Its senses are broad; 「模型」 covers only imitations and casting molds.
• RelatedパターンNeutralLoanword for patterns and fixed modes, e.g. 「行動パターン」— regular, recurring styles. It never means an object made in imitation of the real thing.
• Related青写真あおじゃしんWrittenWritten register. A blueprint, by extension a plan for the future, as in 「将来の青写真」. It is a drawing or vision, not a three-dimensional 「模型」.
• Related図案ずあんWrittenWritten register. Designs and patterns for artworks and crafts, mostly flat, two-dimensional ones; 「模型」 is a three-dimensional copy of a real thing.
• Related型紙かたがみNeutralTemplates used in cutting: dressmaking paper patterns, dyeing stencils, as in 「型紙を切る」. A tool you work from, not an imitation of a real object.
• RelatedデザインNeutralLoanword for design—the concept and look of a thing. 「模型」 is the imitation actually built to match the real object or that design.
• Related製図せいずWrittenWritten register. Drafting technical drawings for machines and buildings, as in 「製図用具」— engineering drawings, while 「模型」 is a solid object made like the real thing.
• Related雛形ひながたWrittenWritten register. A scaled-down model, but also a sample format or template, as in 「書類の雛形」— a document-format sense 「模型」 does not have.
• Antonym実物じつぶつNeutralThe real thing or original, the opposite of an imitation 「模型」, as in 「実物大」(full-scale).

Use 「模型」 for objects made in imitation of a real thing, scaled down or full size, as in 「鉄道模型」 and 「人体模型」. For the loanword say 「モデル」, for sample formats 「雛形」, for blueprint plans 「青写真」; the opposite is 「実物」. 「パターン」「図案」「デザイン」「製図」「型紙」 are patterns, designs or tools, not physical copies.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 実物じつぶつに似にせて作つくったもの。
2. 鋳型いがた。